Table 5 Level of Community Engagement Used in Each Phase of Research Process

Initiation of Partnership

• Researchers from University of Canterbury invited by Māori Peoples in New Zealand to discuss partnership and potential study goals and priorities [26]

Research Approval

• Australian research group met with mayor and council of remote Aboriginal community to obtain local letter of support to conduct study [19]

Research Question, Study Aims

• Community members and Elders involved in discussion that determined study goals [32]

• Community members and Elders identified and determined study goals [27]

Design, Methods, Approach

• Community advisory board was created to give researchers guidance on the research design to ensure cultural relevance was maintained and cultural protocols were observed [26]

Protocols

• Local research assistant hired to co-develop surveys and interview guides with research team [18]

Data Collection

• Members of Indigenous community involves in both recruitment and moderation focus groups and took notes [34]

Data Analysis

• Community members involved throughout data analysis process by coding and reviewing themes [23]

Intervention

• Stakeholder group composed of Aboriginal workers, HF patients, researchers and clinicians reviewed electronic resource, then changes were made according to feedback (i.e. appropriate skin tone/voice, plain language) [22]

Dissemination

• Created formative evaluative process where two external evaluators monitor study and prepare reports on progress to distribute to village [18]

Sustainability

• Used community leadership to develop local capacity to sustain program [28]