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Table 5 Utilization rate, out-of-pocket payment (OOP in US$), and Benefit Incidence by place of residence, educational attainment, states and social group in Government/Municipal, Rural Hospital on institutional delivery in India, 2015–16

From: Understanding equity of institutional delivery in public health centre by level of care in India: an assessment using benefit incidence analysis

Government/ Municipal, Rural Hospital Quintile Number people utilizing public health service (1) Utilization Rate (2) Median OOP in public health service in US$ (3) Median cost of service in private health centre in US$ (4) Net subsidy at public health centre in US$ (5 = 4–3) Individual Subsidy Benefit (6 = 5*2) Benefit Incidence (7) N
Urban Poorest 5936 0.275 16 191 174 48 27.82 6789
Poorer 5282 0.245 19 191 172 42 24.34 5904
Middle 4345 0.201 22 191 169 34 19.68 4818
Richer 3464 0.161 18 191 173 28 16.10 3767
Richest 2555 0.118 15 191 176 21 12.07 2794
   21,582      172   24,072
Rural Poorest 14,338 0.222 15 147 132 29 22.50 18,905
Poorer 13,991 0.217 16 147 130 28 21.71 18,214
Middle 13,551 0.210 18 147 129 27 20.79 17,163
Richer 12,517 0.194 19 147 128 25 18.99 15,421
Richest 10,210 0.158 15 147 132 21 16.01 11,840
   64,607      130   81,543
LPS Poorest 12,133 0.223 15 142 128 28 22.34 15,983
Poorer 11,986 0.221 15 142 128 28 22.06 15,565
Middle 11,693 0.215 15 142 128 27 21.53 14,638
Richer 10,840 0.200 15 142 128 25 19.96 12,929
Richest 7670 0.141 15 142 128 18 14.12 8767
   54,322      128   67,882
HPS Poorest 7673 0.241 25 180 155 37 23.79 9693
Poorer 7340 0.230 23 180 157 36 22.97 8925
Middle 6751 0.212 25 180 155 33 20.93 7925
Richer 5772 0.181 23 180 157 28 18.12 6478
Richest 4331 0.136 16 180 164 22 14.19 4712
   31,867      157   37,733
Education less than 5 years Poorest 5749 0.209 15 117 103 21 20.93 7615
Poorer 5654 0.206 15 117 103 21 20.58 7373
Middle 5591 0.204 15 117 103 21 20.36 7210
Richer 5518 0.201 15 117 103 21 20.09 6794
Richest 4955 0.180 15 117 103 19 18.04 5815
   27,467      103   34,807
Education more than 5 year Poorest 14,198 0.242 18 176 158 38 24.41 18,360
Poorer 13,583 0.231 21 176 155 36 22.92 16,854
Middle 12,554 0.214 22 176 154 33 20.98 14,894
Richer 10,628 0.181 19 176 157 28 18.10 12,117
Richest 7759 0.132 15 176 161 21 13.59 8583
   58,722      157   70,808
Schedule caste / Schedule tribe Poorest 7229 0.211 15 147 132 28 21.34 9553
Poorer 7143 0.209 15 147 132 28 21.09 9286
Middle 7048 0.206 18 147 128 26 20.23 8904
Richer 6892 0.201 18 147 129 26 19.89 8237
Richest 5945 0.174 15 147 131 23 17.45 6633
   34,257      130   42,613
Other backward class Poorest 7882 0.241 15 157 142 34 24.25 10,220
Poorer 7588 0.232 15 157 142 33 23.58 9508
Middle 6909 0.211 16 157 141 30 21.04 8462
Richer 6024 0.184 18 157 139 26 18.15 7117
Richest 4297 0.131 15 157 142 19 13.22 4859
   32,700      141.3   40,166
Others Poorest 4788 0.249 22 176 154 38 24.96 6247
Poorer 4702 0.244 26 176 150 37 23.92 5615
Middle 4110 0.214 23 176 152 33 21.26 4736
Richer 3253 0.169 23 176 153 26 16.91 3642
Richest 2379 0.124 15 176 161 20 12.96 2596
   19,232      153   22,836
  1. 1 US $ = INR 68.22