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Table 2 Respondents’ characteristics and prevalence of hypertension by respondents’ characteristics

From: Socioeconomic inequalities in hypertension in Kenya: a decomposition analysis of 2015 Kenya STEPwise survey on non-communicable diseases risk factors

Categories

Characteristics

Sample (N = 4422)

Prevalence of hypertension

n

%

n

% [95% CI]

Sociodemographic variables

Sex

  

1280

25.8 [23.4, 28.3]

Male

1761

48.6

533

28.1 [24.7, 31.8]

Female

2661

51.4

747

23.6 [21.2, 26.2]

Age, years

    

18–29

1472

46.3

228

14.7 [12.0, 17.9]

30–39

1230

23.2

275

23.1 [19.0, 27.7]

40–49

780

15.5

275

36.9 [31.4, 42.8]

50+

940

15.0

502

52.8 [48.4, 57.2]

Marital status

    

Not-in-a-union

1415

34.5

420

22.1 [18.7, 25.9]

In-a-union

3006

65.5

860

27.7 [24.9, 30.8]

Socioeconomic variables

Education

    

No formal

745

12.6

215

24.5 [19.3, 30.7]

Primary incomplete

1080

23.3

289

23.3 [20.2, 26.8]

Primary complete

1398

32.7

419

27.5 [23.7, 31.7]

Secondary+

1199

31.4

357

26.3 [21.7, 31.5]

Occupation

    

Unemployed/Unpaid

1849

40.2

497

22.2 [19.3, 25.5]

Self-employment

1757

40.0

525

26.2 [22.9, 29.9]

Paid employment

816

20.8

258

31.8 [26.1, 38.0]

Wealth index (quintiles)

    

1 – Poorest

885

23.6

297

28.2 [22.7, 34.4]

2

884

20.3

272

29.1 [24.8, 33.8]

3

885

19.6

263

24.1 [20.0, 28.7]

4

884

18.7

237

26.4 [22.1, 31.3]

5 – Richest

884

17.8

211

20.1 [16.6, 24.1]

Health behaviours

Current smoking

    

No

3916

87.5

1128

25.6 [23.4, 28.0]

Yes

506

12.5

152

26.9 [20.9, 33.8]

Current alcohol use

    

No

3504

74.7

971

24.0 [21.8, 26.5]

Yes

911

25.3

308

31.1 [27.9, 35.8]

Fruits & vegetable intake

    

Enough

576

11.2

166

25.0 [20.3, 30.4]

Not enough

3822

88.8

1114

25.9 [23.3, 28.6]

Physical activity

    

High

3236

75.1

927

25.6 [23.9, 28.6]

Moderate

662

14.1

188

25.1 [20.2, 30.7]

Low

524

10.8

165

27.7 [21.2, 35.3]

Metabolic risk factor

Body mass index

    

Normal

2250

56.3

568

23.2 [20.7, 25.8]

Undernutrition

683

15.8

136

16.7 [13.2, 20.8]

Overweight

775

16.7

286

33.4 [28.3, 38.9]

Obese

550

11.2

266

45.8 [40.6, 51.1]

Community variables

Residence

    

Rural

2268

61.4

647

26.5 [23.8, 29.4]

Urban

2154

38.6

633

24.7 [20.5, 29.4]

Regions

    

Rift Valley

1325

24.6

355

24.9 [21.1, 29.1]

Eastern

767

14.0

258

30.3 [25.7, 35.3]

Nyanza

569

12.5

149

23.9 [19.0, 29.7]

Coast

533

9.3

140

20.7 [14.8, 28.2]

Central

507

12.4

208

38.5 [30.4, 47.3]

Western

408

10.3

112

26.7 [23.9, 29.7]

North Eastern

250

4.9

43

16.0 [9.8, 25.0]

Nairobi

63

12.1

15

18.5 [11.2, 29.1]

  1. Note: All the percentages are weighted