Comparison of out-of-pocket expenditure and catastrophic health expenditure for severe disease by the health security system: based on end-stage renal disease in South Korea

Table 6 Comparison of the CHE prevalence for individuals with the NIH and those with MA

Criteria	Group 1 (n = 305)					Group 2 (n = 136)
	All NHI		All MA		F or X² /p-value	NHI for less than the median of total household income decile		All MA		F or X² /p-value
	n	Mean ± SE or %	N	Mean ± SE or %	F or X² /p-value	n	Mean ± SE or %	n	Mean ± SE or %	F or X² /p-value
Total household income per year^{a), b)}	232	15,905.6 ± 560.9	68	7356.4 ± 1072.6	47.8 /<.0001	64	7037.8 ± 503.8.	68	8354.1 ± 485.4	2.88 /0.09
Subsistence expenditure^{a), c)}	237	11,951.6 ± 356.4	68	6809.1 ± 689.7	42.0 /<.0001	68	7034.3 ± 362.6	68	7210.8 ± 6493.4	0.10 /0.76
Household capacity to pay^{a), d)}	232	3803.7 ± 368.6	68	478.3 ± 704.9.	16.8 /<.0001	64	215.9 ± 278.1	68	1173.5 ± 268.0	10.53 /0.002
Annual total OOP expenditure^{a), e)}	237	2145.8 ± 141.8	68	655.1 ± 274.3	22.32 /<.0001	68	1920.7 ± 1549.7	68	617.3 ± 246.3	19.62 /<.0001
Prevalence of CHE^f)	144	62.1	40	58.8	0.23 /0.63	59	92.2	40	58.8	19.57 /<.0001
Medical Poor^g)	50	21.5	11	16.2	0.94 /0.62	22	34.4	11	16.2	20.70 /<.0001

^a)South Korean Won (KRW) converted to USD ($) based on the exchange rate on July 1, 2008; adjusted for gender, age, type of healthcare service, and number of comorbidities
^b)Added gross earned income and gross asset income for households and adjusted for household size using a consumption equivalence scale
^c)Minimum cost of maintaining a healthy and cultural-appropriate life, excluding savings
^d)Household capacity to pay refers to the income that a household can actually use after excluding subsistence expenditure
^e)Included expenditure for emergency room visits, admissions, outpatient department visits and prescribed drugs
^f)OOP expenditure exceeds 40% of the household capacity to pay
^g)The household capacity to pay is zero or a negative value; the negative value becomes larger when the copayment is paid

ISSN: 1475-9276