Table 2 ‘Social background and early life circumstances’ class theory: associations between SF-36 health outcomes at age 50 and measures of class theory. Parameter estimates and predicted means (LSMeans) from multiply imputed and weighted regression modelling
| Â | Physical functioning | Emotional well-being | General health | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variable | Estimate (SE) | Mean (95% CI) | Estimate (SE) | Mean (95% CI) | Estimate (SE) | Mean (95% CI) |
Intercept | 82.4 (2.5) | – | 67.8 (2.0) | – | 61.4 (2.5) | – |
Gender | ||||||
 Female | −3.3 (0.5) | 82 (80, 84) | −3.0 (0.4) | 71 (69, 73) | 1.1 (0.5) | 66 (64, 68) |
 Male | (ref) | 86 (83, 88) | (ref) | 74 (72, 76) | (ref) | 65 (63, 67) |
Father’s Social Class | ||||||
 Professional (I) | 5.2 (1.5) | 86 (83, 89) | 2.4 (1.2) | 73 (71, 75) | 6.1 (1.5) | 68 (65, 71) |
 Managerial-technical (II) | 4.5 (1.2) | 86 (83, 88) | 2.1 (1.0) | 73 (71, 75) | 4.8 (1.2) | 67 (65, 69) |
 Skilled non-manual (III-NM) | 4.2 (1.2) | 85 (83, 88) | 2.7 (1.0) | 73 (71, 76) | 4.6 (1.2) | 67 (64, 69) |
 Skilled-manual (III-M) | 2.0 (1.0) | 83 (81, 85) | 1.4 (0.8) | 72 (70, 74) | 2.6 (1.0) | 65 (63, 67) |
 Partly skilled (IV) | 1.1 (1.1) | 82 (80, 84) | 1.8 (0.9) | 72 (70, 74) | 2.2 (1.0) | 64 (62, 67) |
 Unskilled & Other (V/Other) | (ref) | 81 (79, 83) | (ref) | 71 (69, 73) | (ref) | 62 (60, 65) |
Grandparent’s Social Class | ||||||
 Professional (I) | −0.4 (1.9) | 84 (80, 87) | 0.4 (1.7) | 73 (69, 76) | −1.2 (1.9) | 65 (61, 69) |
 Managerial-technical (II) | −0.5 (1.2) | 84 (81, 86) | 1.1 (0.9) | 73 (71, 75) | −0.3 (1.2) | 66 (64, 68) |
 Skilled non-manual (III-NM) | −0.4 (1.4) | 84 (82, 87) | 0.5 (1.2) | 73 (70, 75) | −0.4 (1.5) | 66 (63, 69) |
 Skilled-manual (III-M) | −0.5 (1.0) | 84 (81, 86) | −0.2 (0.8) | 72 (70, 74) | −1.6 (1.0) | 65 (63, 67) |
 Partly skilled (IV) | −0.3 (1.0) | 84 (81, 86) | −0.1 (0.8) | 72 (70, 74) | −0.9 (1.0) | 65 (63, 68) |
 Unskilled & Other (V/Other) | (ref) | 84 (81, 87) | (ref) | 72 (70, 74) | (ref) | 66 (64, 69) |
Mother’s education (Did stay at school after min. Leaving age?) | ||||||
 Did not stay-16 years | −3.0 (1.6) | 82 (80, 84) | −1.7 (1.4) | 71 (70, 73) | −2.2 (1.7) | 64 (62, 66) |
 Did stay-16 years | −1.7 (1.7) | 84 (81, 86) | 0.1 (1.4) | 73 (71, 75) | −0.6 (1.7) | 66 (63, 68) |
 Did stay-16 to 18 years | −1.0 (1.6) | 84 (82, 87) | −1.1 (1.4) | 72 (70, 74) | 0.2 (1.7) | 66 (64, 69) |
 Did stay-19 or more years | (ref) | 85 (82, 89) | (ref) | 73 (70, 76) | (ref) | 66 (63, 70) |
Father’s education (Did stay at school after min. Leaving age?) | ||||||
 Did not stay-16 years | −2.3 (1.4) | 82 (80, 85) | 0.9 (1.2) | 73 (71, 74) | −2.4 (1.5) | 64 (62, 67) |
 Did stay-16 years | −1.7 (1.4) | 83 (81, 85) | 0.5 (1.3) | 72 (70, 74) | −2.4 (1.5) | 64 (62, 67) |
 Did stay-16 to 18 years | 0.3 (1.5) | 85 (83, 87) | 1.3 (1.2) | 73 (71, 75) | −0.6 (1.5) | 66 (64, 69) |
 Did stay-19 or more years | (ref) | 85 (82, 88) | (ref) | 72 (69, 74) | (ref) | 67 (64, 70) |
Receipt of free school meals by any child in the household | ||||||
 No | 3.4 (0.8) | 86 (83, 88) | 1.9 (0.7) | 73 (71, 75) | 2.7 (0.8) | 67 (65, 69) |
 Yes | (ref) | 82 (80, 84) | (ref) | 71 (70, 73) | (ref) | 64 (62, 66) |
Experienced family financial hardships in childhood | ||||||
 Never | 2.6 (1.4) | 86 (84, 88) | 4.6 (1.2) | 75 (73, 76) | 5.1 (1.4) | 68 (66, 70) |
 Once | −0.3 (1.4) | 83 (81, 85) | 2.4 (1.2) | 72 (71, 74) | 1.8 (1.4) | 65 (63, 67) |
 Twice or more | (ref) | 83 (80, 86) | (ref) | 70 (67, 73) | (ref) | 63 (60, 66) |
Experienced overcrowding in childhood | ||||||
 Never | 2.8 (1.2) | 85 (83, 88) | 1.8 (1.0) | 73 (71, 75) | 1.1 (1.2) | 66 (64, 68) |
 Once | 0.8 (1.3) | 84 (81, 86) | 1.2 (1.1) | 72 (70, 74) | 0.6 (1.3) | 65 (63, 68) |
 Twice | 1.0 (1.5) | 84 (81, 86) | 1.8 (1.2) | 73 (71, 75) | 0.9 (1.5) | 66 (63, 68) |
 Three times or more | (ref) | 83 (80, 86) | (ref) | 71 (69, 74) | (ref) | 65 (62, 68) |
Access to household amenitiesa | ||||||
 Shared or no sole use | 1.1 (2.1) | 86 (81, 90) | 1.6 (1.8) | 74 (71, 78) | 1.4 (2.1) | 68 (64, 73) |
 Sole use of 1 | −2.7 (1.9) | 82 (78, 86) | −2.5 (1.6) | 70 (67, 74) | −4.6 (1.9) | 62 (58, 66) |
 Sole use of 2 | −1.4 (1.4) | 83 (80, 86) | −0.8 (1.2) | 72 (69, 75) | −2.3 (1.4) | 65 (62, 68) |
 Sole use of 3 | (ref) | 85 (83, 86) | (ref) | 73 (72, 74) | (ref) | 67 (65, 68) |