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Table 2 Classification of the interventions identified in the included LRs

From: An overview of reviews on strategies to reduce health inequalities

Types of intervention

n (%)a

- Delivery arrangements (domain)

77 (78.6)

 • Coordination of care and management of care processes (category)

38 (49.4)

  ▪ Care pathways (subcategory)

26 (113)

  ▪ Integration the provision of different healthcare services (subcategory)

9 (39.1)

  ▪ Disease management (subcategory)

5 (21.7)

  ▪ Case management (subcategory)

3 (13)

  ▪ Communication between providers (subcategory)

3 (13)

  ▪ Continuity of care (subcategory)

2 (8.7)

  ▪ Multidisciplinary team of healthcare workers (subcategory)

1 (4.3)

 • Who provides care and how the health care workforce is managed (category)

33 (42.9)

  ▪ Self-management (subcategory)

17 (65.4)

  ▪ Role expansion or task shifting (subcategory)

16 (61.5)

 • Information and communication technology (category)

16 (20.8)

  ▪ Technology based methods to transfer healthcare information and support the delivery of care (subcategory)

11 (100)

  ▪ Health information systems (subcategory)

3 (27.3)

  ▪ Telemedicine (subcategory)

3 (27.3)

  ▪ Smart home technologies (subcategory)

1 (9.1)

 • Where care is provided and changes in the healthcare environment (category)

16 (20.8)

  ▪ Site of service delivery (subcategory)

10 (83.3)

  ▪ Changes to the physical or sensory healthcare environment, by adding or altering equipment (subcategory)

3 (25)

  ▪ Visits by health workers to different locations (subcategory)

2 (16.7)

  ▪ Arrangements for transporting patients from one place to another (subcategory)

1 (8.3)

 • How and when care is provided (category)

7 (9.1)

  ▪ Quality and safety systems (subcategory)

3 (50)

  ▪ Coordination of care among different providers (subcategory)

2 (33.3)

  ▪ Group versus individual care (subcategory)

1 (16.7)

  ▪ A reduction or increase in time to access a healthcare intervention (subcategory)

1 (16.7)

- Financial arrangements (domain)

7 (6.1)

 • Mechanisms for payment of health services (category)

6 (85.7)

  ▪ Voucher schemes (subcategory)

6 (100)

 • Insurance schemes (category)

1 (16.7)

  ▪ Community-based health insurance (subcategory)

1 (100)

- Governance arrangements (domain)

7 (7.1)

 • Authority and accountability for health policies (category)

6 (85.7)

  ▪ Community mobilization (subcategory)

3 (50)

  ▪ Patients’ rights (subcategory)

2 (33.3)

  ▪ Policies to manage absenteeism (subcategory)

2 (33.3)

 • Authority and accountability for health professionals (category)

1 (14.3)

  ▪ Authority and accountability for the quality of the practice (subcategory)

1 (100)

- Implementation strategies (domain)

62 (63.3)

 • Interventions targeted at specific types of practice, conditions or settings (category)

45 (72.6)

  ▪ Practice and setting (subcategory)

36 (100)

  ▪ Health conditions (subcategory)

11 (30.6)

 • Interventions targeted at healthcare workers (category)

28 (45.2)

  ▪ Communities of practice (subcategory)

9 (34.6)

  ▪ Tailored interventions (subcategory)

8 (30.8)

  ▪ Patient-mediated interventions (subcategory)

4 (15.4)

  ▪ Educational meetings (subcategory)

3 (11.5)

  ▪ Educational outreach visits, or academic detailing (subcategory)

3 (11.5)

  ▪ Adherence of clinical practice guidelines (subcategory)

2 (7.7)

  ▪ Routine patient-reported outcome measures (subcategory)

2 (7.7)

  ▪ Inter-professional education (subcategory)

2 (7.7)

  ▪ Educational materials (subcategory)

1 (3.8)

  1. Source: authors based on the information extracted from the literature reviews (LRs) included
  2. a n = total of domains, categories or subcategories contained in the interventions identified in the LR. Percentage = n / total of LR