Adaptation and validation of social accountability measures in the context of contraceptive services in Ghana and Tanzania

Boydell, Victoria; Steyn, Petrus S.; Cordero, Joanna Paula; Habib, Ndema; Nguyen, My Huong; Nai, Dela; Shamba, Donat

doi:10.1186/s12939-020-01286-1

International Journal for Equity in Health

Table 11 Final items per country

From: Adaptation and validation of social accountability measures in the context of contraceptive services in Ghana and Tanzania

Tanzania				Ghana
No	Item	CFA Factor loading	Standard Error Variance	No	Item	CFA Factor loading	Standard Error Variance
Knowledge of Health Rights
XSU038	A healthcare provider can refuse to provide me family planning services because of who I am. (reverse-coded)			XSU038	A healthcare provider can refuse to provide me family planning services because of who I am. (reverse-coded)
XSU039	The government ensures that family planning methods (Ghana) or services (Tanzania) are free of cost.	0.6	0.64	XSU039	The government ensures that family planning methods (Ghana) or services (Tanzania) are free of cost.
XSU040	I have the right to privacy during my family planning visit.	0.69	0.52	XSU040	I have the right to privacy during my family planning visit.	0.53	0.72
XSU041	The healthcare provider should not share my information with other people.	0.64	0.46	XSU041	The healthcare provider should not share my information with other people.	0.44	0.8
XSU042	If I am unhappy with the care I received, I know there are ways to make a complaint.			XSU042	If I am unhappy with the care I received, I know there are ways to make a complaint.	0.7	0.5
XSU043	Healthcare providers must answer all my health related questions.	0.73	0.46	XSU043	Healthcare providers must answer all my health related questions.	0.7	0.51
XSU044	Healthcare providers should inform me about the different family planning options.	0.77	0.4	XSU044	Healthcare providers should inform me about the different family planning options.	0.54	0.71
XSU045	I can refuse any family planning method offered if I do not want to use it.			XSU045	I can refuse any family planning method offered if I do not want to use it.
Mistreatment by Health workers
XSU065	I felt like I could discuss my problems, question and concerns with the health care provider without feeling embarrassed.			XSU065	I felt like I could discuss my problems, question and concerns with the health care provider without feeling embarrassed.
XSU066	One of the providers or staff refused to offer me the service I wanted to receive. (reverse-coded)	0.76	0.42	XSU066	One of the providers or staff refused to offer me the service I wanted to receive. (reverse-coded)	0.71	0.5
XSU067	The provider ignored my request or my preferences today.	0.82	0.33	XSU067	The provider ignored my request or my preferences today.	0.86	0.26
XSU068	I felt like the provider did not listen to what I was saying (reverse-coded)	0.73	0.47	XSU068	I felt like the provider did not listen to what I was saying (reverse-coded)	0.66	0.56
XSU069	A provider strongly encouraged me to use one family planning that was different to the one I wanted (reverse-coded)	0.56	0.69	XSU069	A provider strongly encouraged me to use one family planning that was different to the one I wanted (reverse-coded)	0.6	0.64
XSU070	I have the right to choose my family planning method.			XSU070	I have the right to choose my family planning method.
Perception of quality services
XSU077	The staff at this health facility have high quality family planning services.	0.74	0.45	XSU077	The staff at this health facility have high quality family planning services.	0.62	0.61
XSU078	The staff at this health facility ensures privacy and confidentiality when providing services.	0.81	0.35	XSU078	The staff at this health facility ensures privacy and confidentiality when providing services.	0.81	0.35
XSU079	The health facility is clean.	0.53	0.73	XSU079	The health facility is clean.	0.57	0.68
XSU080	At this health facility, if women choose, they can bring their husband/partner for the family planning consultation.			XSU080	At this health facility, if women choose, they can bring their husband/partner for the family planning consultation.
XSU081	At this health facility, if women choose, they can bring a family member or friend for the family planning consultation.			XSU081	At this health facility, if women choose, they can bring a family member or friend for the family planning consultation.
XSU082	Unmarried women can access family planning and reproductive health service at the health facility.			XSU082	Unmarried women can access family planning and reproductive health service at the health facility.
Women’s participation in h/h decision-making
XSU046	First, would you tell me which member of your household usually makes decisions about your health care?			XSU046	First, would you tell me which member of your household usually makes decisions about your health care?		0.49
XSU047	Which member of your household usually makes decisions about making large household purchases?			XSU047	Which member of your household usually makes decisions about making large household purchases?	0.75	0.44
XSU048	Which member of your household usually makes decisions about making household purchases for daily needs?	0.55	0.7	XSU048	Which member of your household usually makes decisions about making household purchases for daily needs?	0.8	0.36
XSU049	Which member of your household usually makes decisions about when you will visit family/relatives/friends?			XSU049	Which member of your household usually makes decisions about when you will visit family/relatives/friends?	0.83	0.32
XSU050	Which member of your household usually makes decisions about when your whole household will visit family/relatives/friends?			XSU050	Which member of your household usually makes decisions about when your whole household will visit family/relatives/friends?	0.74	0.45
XSU051	Which member of your household usually makes decisions about how to use the money that you bring into the household?	0.66	0.56	XSU051	Which member of your household usually makes decisions about how to use the money that you bring into the household?	0.73	0.47
XSU052	Which member of your household usually makes decisions about how to use the money your husband/partner brings into the household?			XSU052	Which member of your household usually makes decisions about how to use the money your husband/partner brings into the household?	0.64	0.59
XSU053	Which member of your household usually makes decisions about whether you or you and your husband/partner use family planning?	0.79	0.36	XSU053	Which member of your household usually makes decisions about whether you or you and your husband/partner use family planning?
XSU054	Which member of your household usually makes decisions about where you will receive family planning?	0.84	0.29	XSU054	Which member of your household usually makes decisions about where you will receive family planning?
XSU055	Which member of your household usually makes decisions about if you will be tested for the AIDS virus?	0.77	0.41	XSU055	Which member of your household usually makes decisions about if you will be tested for the AIDS virus?
XSU056	Which member of your household usually makes decisions about how many children you will have?	0.63	0.6	XSU056	Which member of your household usually makes decisions about how many children you will have?	0.59	0.66
Self efficacy with health care providers
XSU057	After your consultation with the health care provider today, do you know what your reproductive and family planning options are?			XSU057	After your consultation with the health care provider today, do you know what your reproductive and family planning options are?	0.73	0.47
XSU058	After your consultation with the health care provider today, do you feel that you can act on your choice for family planning?			XSU058	After your consultation with the health care provider today, do you feel that you can act on your choice for family planning?	0.87	0.24
XSU059	Do you know what help you need to make a decision?			XSU059	Do you know what help you need to make a decision?	0.54	0.71
Ability to atttend community meetings
XSU071	How sure are you that you could attend a community meeting if your family did not support you to participate?	0.85	0.28	XSU071	How sure are you that you could attend a community meeting if your family did not support you to participate?	0.88	0.21
XSU072	How sure are you that you could attend a community meeting if your family said you could not go?	0.92	0.15	XSU072	How sure are you that you could attend a community meeting if your family said you could not go?	0.93	0.14
XSU073	How sure are you that you could attend a community meeting if your family would not help with your household duties so that you could attend?	0.65	0.57	XSU073	How sure are you that you could attend a community meeting if your family would not help with your household duties so that you could attend?	0.79	0.38
Ability to participate in community meetings
XSU074	How sure are you that you could express your opinion at a community meeting?	0.68	0.54	XSU074	How sure are you that you could express your opinion at a community meeting?	0.58	0.66
XSU075	How sure are you that you could express your opinion at a community meeting if a few people did not agree with what you were saying?	0.95	0.09	XSU075	How sure are you that you could express your opinion at a community meeting if a few people did not agree with what you were saying?	0.9	0.18
XSU076	How sure are you that you could express your opinion at a community meeting if many people did not agree with what you were saying?	0.91	0.17	XSU076	How sure are you that you could express your opinion at a community meeting if many people did not agree with what you were saying?	0.82	0.33
Awareness of accountabilty mechanisms
XSU083	Today, if I went to the clinic I believe I could get family planning I wanted without facing any barriers of cost, age and marital status.			XSU083	Today, if I went to the clinic I believe I could get family planning I wanted without facing any barriers of cost, age and marital status.
XSU084	Anyone outside of the clinic, like friends or community members, can help you access your right to quality family planning services.			XSU084	Anyone outside of the clinic, like friends or community members, can help you access your right to quality family planning services.
XSU085	Health providers and district government officials can directly influence the quality of your local family planning services?	0.63	0.6	XSU085	Health providers and district government officials can directly influence the quality of your local family planning services?	0.52	0.73
XSU086	Challenging people of influence is the best way to change family planning services in the clinic.	0.86	0.26	XSU086	Challenging people of influence is the best way to change family planning services in the clinic.	0.48	0.77
XSU087	Collaboration with people of influence is the best way to change family planning services in the clinic.	0.84	0.84	XSU087	Collaboration with people of influence is the best way to change family planning services in the clinic.	0.96	0.08
Mutual responsibility for and support of services (all items)
XSU099	Who could have the most impact on making sure that women are treated with respect by health workers?			XSU099	Who could have the most impact on making sure that women are treated with respect by health workers?	0.6	0.64
XSU100	Who could have the most impact on making sure that women have transportation to the hospital for permanent methods of contraception?	0.57	0.68	XSU100	Who could have the most impact on making sure that women have transportation to the hospital for permanent methods of contraception?	0.6	0.64
XSU101	Who could have the most impact on increasing the number of days a health worker visits your community?	0.67	0.56	XSU101	Who could have the most impact on increasing the number of days a health worker visits your community?	0.8	0.36
XSU102	Who could have the most impact on making sure the poorest and most vulnerable women in the community receive care?	0.41	0.83	XSU102	Who could have the most impact on making sure the poorest and most vulnerable women in the community receive care?	0.87	0.24
XSU103	Who could have the most impact on getting funding to improve health services in this community?			XSU103	Who could have the most impact on getting funding to improve health services in this community?	0.71	0.46
Collective efficacy
XSU088	How sure are you that the people in your community could work together to improve family planning services in this community?	0.75	0.44	XSU088	How sure are you that the people in your community could work together to improve family planning services in this community?	0.75	0.44
XSU089	How sure are you that the people in your community could work together to improve how women are treated at the health facility?	0.87	0.24	XSU089	How sure are you that the people in your community could work together to improve how women are treated at the health facility?	0.85	0.28
XSU090	How sure are you that the people in your community could work together to obtain government services and entitlements?	0.77	0.41	XSU090	How sure are you that the people in your community could work together to obtain government services and entitlements?	0.55	0.7
XSU091	How sure are you that the people in your community could work together to improve the health and well-being of women in this community?	0.77	0.41	XSU091	How sure are you that the people in your community could work together to improve the health and well-being of women in this community?	0.63	0.61
Community Support in the time of crisis
XSU092	How sure are you that there is someone in your community, apart from your immediate family, who you could go to for advice?			XSU092	How sure are you that there is someone in your community, apart from your immediate family, who you could go to for advice?	0.6	0.64
XSU093	How sure are you that there is someone in your community, apart from your immediate family, who could take you to the clinic?	0.57	0.67	XSU093	How sure are you that there is someone in your community, apart from your immediate family, who could take you to the clinic?	0.66	0.57
XSU094	How sure are you that there is someone in your community, apart from your immediate family, who would help care for your children or household while you are away?	0.72	0.48	XSU094	How sure are you that there is someone in your community, apart from your immediate family, who would help care for your children or household while you are away?	0.56	0.69
XSU095	How sure are you that there is someone in your community, apart from your immediate family, who would loan you money for transport?	0.44	0.8	XSU095	How sure are you that there is someone in your community, apart from your immediate family, who would loan you money for transport?	0.51	0.74

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ISSN: 1475-9276

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