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Table 2 Final Multivariable Model Results

From: A model of disparities: risk factors associated with COVID-19 infection

 

OR

95% CI

p-value

Sociodemographic

Age

 18–29

  < 18

0.33

[0.22–0.49]

<.0001

 30–39

0.88

[0.73–1.05]

0.1574

 40–49

1.27

[1.06–1.52]

0.011

 50–59

1.69

[1.41–2.02]

<.0001

 60–69

1.65

[1.36–2.01]

<.0001

 70–79

1.59

[1.24–2.05]

0.0003

 80+

1.64

[1.24–2.17]

0.0005

Gender

 Female

 Male

1.32

[1.21–1.44]

<.0001

Education

 Education < 12 years

1.02

[1.01–1.14]

0.0435

 Employment

 Student

 Employed

1.85

[1.39–2.46]

<.0001

 Not Employed

1.41

[1.05–1.91]

0.024

 Retired

2.06

[1.54–2.76]

<.0001

 Unknown

1.37

[1–1.87]

0.0494

Race

 White

 American Indian | Alaska Native

0.63

[0.36–1.12]

0.1156

 Asian

1.43

[1.18–1.72]

0.0002

 Black| African American

1.51

[1.25–1.83]

<.0001

 Native Hawaiian | Pacific Islander

1.02

[0.66–1.57]

0.9438

 Unknown

1.34

[1.18–1.52]

<.0001

Ethnicity

 Other Ethnic Groups

 Hispanic or Latino

2.07

[1.77–2.41]

<.0001

Religious Affiliation

 Agnostic

 Christian

1.28

[1.15–1.43]

<.0001

 Other Religion

1.01

[0.77–1.24]

0.1453

 Unknown

1.10

[0.97–1.25]

0.8752

Relationship

 Single

 Divorce or Legally Separated

1.08

[0.93–1.26]

0.3293

 Married or Significant Other

1.12

[1.01–1.25]

0.0357

 Unknown

0.96

[0.74–1.24]

0.7468

Language

 English

 Sino-Tibetan

1.98

[1.38–2.84]

0.0002

 Spanish

1.60

[1.31–1.94]

<.0001

 Other Languages

2.09

[1.7–2.57]

<.0001

Clinical

Body Mass Index

 Normal

 Underweight

0.80

[0.54–1.2]

0.2857

 Moderately Obese

1.25

[1.08–1.45]

0.0033

 Overweight

1.28

[1.12–1.46]

0.0003

 Severely Obese

1.45

[1.21–1.73]

<.0001

 Very Severely Obese

1.58

[1.31–1.91]

<.0001

 Unknown

0.99

[0.84–1.16]

0.8867

Number of Chronic Conditions

 0

 1–2

0.83

[0.74–0.93]

0.001

 3–4

0.63

[0.54–0.74]

<.0001

 5+

0.55

[0.44–0.69]

<.0001

Clinical Diagnosis

   

 Diagnosis of Diabetes

1.40

[1.22–1.61]

<.0001

 Diagnosis of Kidney Disease

1.03

[1.01–2.3]

0.0385

 Diagnosis of HIV/AIDS

1.43

[1.03–2.63]

0.0252

 Diagnosis of Dementia

2.01

[1.61–2.51]

<.0001

Polypharmacy

 0 Prescriptions

 1–9 Prescriptions

0.76

[0.68–0.86]

<.0001

 10–19 Prescriptions

0.60

[0.5–0.71]

<.0001

 20–29 Prescriptions

0.43

[0.32–0.59]

<.0001

 30+ Prescriptions

0.42

[0.26–0.66]

0.0002

Mental Health and Substance Use

 History of Illicit Drug Use

0.63

[0.53–0.77]

<.0001

 History of Tobacco Use

0.46

[0.38–0.54]

<.0001

 Diagnosis of Serious Persistent Mental Illness

0.77

[0.65–0.92]

0.003

 Diagnosis of Substance Use Disorder

0.70

[0.56–0.87]

0.001

Primary Care Provider Affiliation

 Internal Primary Care Provider

 External Primary Care Provider

1.23

[1.1–1.37]

0.0004

 Unknown Primary Care Provider

1.27

[1.11–1.46]

0.0005

 Electronic Communication through the EMR

0.72

[0.66–0.8]

<.0001

Symptoms

 Symptoms of Fever

2.39

[2.15–2.65]

<.0001

 Symptoms of Cough

1.44

[1.28–1.62]

<.0001

 Shortness of Breath

1.34

[1.21–1.49]

<.0001

 Symptoms of Chills

1.40

[1.09–1.79]

0.0086

 Myalgia

1.80

[1.47–2.2]

<.0001

Environmental

Region

 Oregon

 Alaska

1.31

[1–1.7]

0.0469

 Puget Sound

2.83

[2.44–3.28]

<.0001

 Southern California

2.39

[2.06–2.78]

<.0001

 Washington Montana

1.49

[1.29–1.73]

<.0001

Age-Stratified Communal Living

 Non-Communal Living

 Adult Community

1.30

[1.07–1.58]

0.0082

 Adult and Youth

1.07

[0.95–1.21]

0.2835

 Multigenerational

1.07

[0.9–1.28]

0.4563

 Senior Living

1.69

[1.23–2.32]

0.0011

 Other

1.12

[0.77–1.64]

0.5492

 Financial Insecurity

1.10

[1.01–1.25]

0.0392

 Housing Insecurity

1.32

[1.16–1.5]

<.0001

 Transportation Insecurity

1.11

[1.02–1.23]

0.0285

 Low Air Quality

1.01

[1–1.04]

0.0502