Covariates | Total (N = 3060) | Men (n = 1477, 48%) | Women (n = 1583, 52%) | p-value |
---|---|---|---|---|
n (%) or mean ± SD | n (%) or mean ± SD | n (%) or mean ± SD | ||
Social network index | ||||
SNI score | 4.15 (1.14) | 4.18 (1.02) | 4.12 (1.23) | 0.147 |
Low SNI | 1840 (60) | 890 (60) | 950 (60) | 0.890 |
High SNI | 1220 (40) | 587 (40) | 633 (40) | |
Age group | ||||
50–57 years | 1736 (57) | 813 (55) | 923 (58) | 0.069 |
57+ years | 1324 (43) | 664 (45) | 660 (42) | |
Education | ||||
No schooling | 553 (18) | 145 (10) | 408 (26) | < 0.001 |
Elementary school | 1706 (56) | 847 (57) | 859 (54) | |
High school | 631 (21) | 369 (25) | 262 (17) | |
University | 170 (6) | 116 (8) | 54 (3) | |
Household PCE1 | ||||
First (poorest) | 735 (24) | 363 (25) | 372 (23) | 0.336 |
Second | 783 (26) | 388 (26) | 395 (25) | |
Third | 770 (25) | 350 (24) | 420 (27) | |
Fourth (richest) | 772 (25) | 376 (25) | 396 (25) | |
Living area | ||||
Rural | 1611 (53) | 812 (55) | 799 (50) | 0.013 |
Urban | 1449 (47) | 665 (45) | 784 (50) | |
Residential stability | ||||
Moved once or more since 2000 | 280 (9) | 167 (11) | 113 (7) | < 0.001 |
Did not move since year 2000 | 2780 (91) | 1310 (89) | 1470 (93) | |
Smoking | ||||
Yes | 1259 (41) | 1132 (77) | 127 (8) | < 0.001 |
No | 1801 (59) | 345 (23) | 1456 (92) | |
Body mass index2 | ||||
Obese | 385 (13) | 117 (8) | 268 (17) | < 0.001 |
Overweight | 1010 (33) | 429 (29) | 581 (37) | |
Underweight | 1211 (40) | 698 (47) | 513 (32) | |
Normal weight | 454 (15) | 233 (16) | 221 (14) | |
Physical activity level | ||||
Less active | 553 (18) | 236 (16) | 317 (20) | < 0.001 |
Moderately active | 1503 (49) | 554 (38) | 949 (60) | |
Vigorously active | 1004 (33) | 687 (47) | 317 (20) | |
Self-rated health | ||||
Bad | 548 (18) | 218 (15) | 330 (21) | < 0.001 |
Good | 2512 (82) | 1259 (85) | 1253 (79) | |
Self-reported depressive symptoms | ||||
Yes | 1064 (35) | 528 (36) | 536 (34) | |
No | 1996 (65) | 949 (64) | 1047 (66) | 0.273 |
Health check-up in the past 5 years3 | ||||
No | 2776 (91) | 1329 (90) | 1447 (91) | 0.173 |
Yes | 284 (9) | 148 (10) | 136 (9) | |
Health insurance coverage4 | ||||
No | 2177 (71) | 1033 (70) | 1144 (72) | 0.155 |
Yes | 883 (29) | 444 (30) | 439 (28) | |
NCD morbidity5 | ||||
Multiple NCDs | 25 (1) | 14 (1) | 11 (1) | 0.262 |
Single NCD | 273 (9) | 121 (8) | 152 (10) | |
None | 2762 (90) | 1342 (91) | 1420 (89) | |
Disability6 | ||||
ADL and IADL | 256 (8) | 54 (4) | 202 (13) | < 0.001 |
ADL or IADL | 625 (21) | 152 (10) | 473 (30) | |
No disability | 2179 (71) | 1271 (86) | 908 (57) |