Table 1 Distribution of the native-born and immigrant population by different categories of the variables of analysis. Spain, 2009 and 2014
From: Erosion of universal health coverage and trend in the frequency of physician consultations in Spain
Variables | 2009 | 2014 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Natives | Immigrants | p value* | Natives | Immigrants | p value* | |
Number of subjects | 16,913 | 3104 | 17,610 | 2907 | ||
Age (years) | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
16–24 | 12.2 | 16.4 | 12.3 | 15.4 | ||
25–34 | 19.1 | 34.4 | 15.8 | 25.3 | ||
35–44 | 21.1 | 26.6 | 21.3 | 28.5 | ||
45–54 | 19.5 | 12.9 | 20.4 | 18.3 | ||
55–64 | 15.8 | 6.1 | 16.7 | 8.3 | ||
65–74 | 12.3 | 3.6 | 13.5 | 4.2 | ||
Sex | 0.0198 | < 0.001 | ||||
Women | 50.4 | 48.1 | 50.5 | 45.6 | ||
Men | 49.6 | 51.9 | 49.5 | 54.4 | ||
Income | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
High | 22.3 | 13.6 | 23.5 | 9.9 | ||
Medium-high | 19.1 | 18.3 | 22.1 | 18.4 | ||
Medium-low | 19.4 | 20.2 | 17.8 | 20.7 | ||
Low | 20.6 | 30.4 | 16.3 | 29.5 | ||
Missing | 18.6 | 17.5 | 20.3 | 21.5 | ||
Educational level | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
Tertiary | 25.0 | 23.3 | 20.7 | 16.7 | ||
Upper secondary | 22.2 | 33.9 | 29.4 | 36.0 | ||
Lower secondary | 19.4 | 21.1 | 25.4 | 23.9 | ||
Elementary | 33.4 | 21.7 | 24.5 | 23.4 | ||
Self-reported health | < 0.001 | 0.1554 | ||||
Fair/poor/very poor | 22.6 | 16.7 | 25.1 | 23.9 | ||
Very good/good | 77.4 | 83.3 | 74.9 | 76.1 | ||
Any long-term health problem | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | ||||
Yes | 50.2 | 32.2 | 57.6 | 47.4 | ||
No | 49.8 | 67.8 | 42.4 | 52.6 | ||