Table 11 Placebo test on asumptions of model identification

Good health in time t-1

0.167^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.020)

0.192^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.053)

0.155^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.039)

0.153^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.060)

−0.102 (0.091)

Average health in time t-1

0.125^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.019)

0.142^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.052)

0.094^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.037)

0.064 (0.059)

−0.173 (0.192)

Good health in time t

−0.030^∗ (0.017)

0.016 (0.023)

0.010 (0.032)

0.039 (0.028)

0.088 (0.061)

Average health in time t

−0.036^∗∗ (0.015)

0.046^∗∗ (0.022)

0.042 (0.030)

0.070 (0.045)

0.103 (0.128)

Age

0.035^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.002)

−0.008^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.001)

−0.012^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.001)

−0.010^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.001)

−0.006^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.001)

Gender

–

0.185^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.016)

0.263^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.014)

0.225^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.015)

0.119^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.021)

Marital

0.045^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.010)

0.182^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.011)

0.282^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.012)

0.314^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.016)

0.220^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.018)

Living regions

−0.399^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.020)

−0.263^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.020)

−0.209^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.024)

−0.050^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.016)

0.018 (0.019)

Junior high

–

0.045^∗∗ (0.020)

0.081^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.026)

0.035^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.016)

0.017 (0.016)

Senior high or College

–

0.158^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.025)

0.219^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.030)

0.141^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.028)

0.092^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.030)

University and above

–

0.519^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.041)

0.560^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.046)

0.409^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.054)

0.358^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.063)

Occupation

0.227^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.009)

0.443^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.018)

0.285^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.018)

0.265^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.020)

0.165^{∗ ∗ ∗} (0.023)

Co-variates

YES

YES

YES

YES

YES