Inequalities in reproductive health care use in five West-African countries: A decomposition analysis of the wealth-based gaps

Ogundele, Oluwasegun Jko; Pavlova, Milena; Groot, Wim

doi:10.1186/s12939-020-01167-7

International Journal for Equity in Health

Table 6 Decomposition of having C-section at childbirth gaps

From: Inequalities in reproductive health care use in five West-African countries: A decomposition analysis of the wealth-based gaps

	Burkina Faso		Niger		Nigeria		Ghana		Senegal
Pr(low-wealth)	0.010		0.004		0.005		0.050		0.026
Pr(high-wealth)	0.027		0.019		0.029		0.162		0.073
Difference	-0.017		-0.016		-0.024		-0.112		-0.048
Total explained	-0.016		-0.010		-0.025		-0.106		-0.038
% explained		94.12%		62.50%		102.77% ^a		94.64%		79.17%
Variable contribution	Decomp.	%	Decomp.	%	Decomp.	%	Decomp.	%	Decomp.	%
Age	0.002	-12.5	0.000	-3.2	-0.001	4.1	0.001	-0.9	-0.005	13.2
Children ever born	-0.003	18.8	-0.000	2.8	-0.003**	12.2	-0.034***	32.1	-0.011***	28.9
No education	-0.002	12.5	-0.003*	26.3	-0.006**	24.4	-0.022**	20.8	-0.006*	15.8
1⁰ education	0.000	0.0	0.001	-5.6	0.000	0.0	-0.001	0.9	0.002*	-5.3
Rural	-0.008***	50.0	-0.005*	48.8	-0.004***	16.2	-0.017**	16.0	-0.008*	21.1
No religion	0.000	0.0	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Islam	0.000	0.0	-	-	-0.003**	12.2	0.005	-4.7	0.000	0.0
Traditional	0.000	0.0	-	-	0.000	0.0	0.006	-5.7	-	-
Animist	0.000		-	-	-	-	0.000	0.0	0.000	0.0
No partner	-	0.0	-0.000	0.1	0.000	0.000	-	-	-0.001*	2.6
No Complication information Don't know	0.000 -	0.0 -	-0.000 0.001	2.7 -14.3	-0.004*** 0.000	16.2 0.0	-0.003* -	2.8 -	0.002** -	-5.3 -
Missing	-	-	-0.001	6.2	-0.002	8.1	-	-	-	-
Health facility permit	0.000	0.0	-0.000	2.2	0.000	0.0	-0.001	0.9	-	-
Health facility money	0.000	0.0	-0.001	6.4	-0.001*	4.1	-0.002	1.9	-	-
Health facility distance	0.000	0.0	-0.000	0.5	0.000	0.0	0.002	-1.9	-	-
Health facility alone	0.000	0.0	-0.000	1.5	-0.001	4.1	0.000	0.0	-	-
Health facility attitude	-	-	-	-	0.000	0.0	-	-	-	-
Uninsured	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.000	0.0	-	-
Cascades	0.000	0.0	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Centre	-0.003	18.8	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Centre Est	0.000	0.0	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Centre Nord	0.000	0.0	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Centre Ouest	0.000	0.0	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Centre Sud	0.000	0.0	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Est	-0.001	6.3	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Hauts Basins	0.000	0.0	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Nord	0.000	0.0	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Plateau Central	0.000	0.0	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Sahel	-0.001**	6.3	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Sud Ouest	0.000	0.0	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Agadez	-	-	0.000	-0.9	-	-	-	-	-	-
Diffa	-	-	0.000	-2.1			-	-	-	-
Dosso	-	-	0.000	-3.4	-	-	-	-	-	-
Maradi	-	-	-0.000	0.8	-	-	-	-	-	-
Tahoua	-	-	-0.003	25.6			-	-	-	-
Tillaberi	-	-	-0.000	3.4	-	-	-	-	-	-
Zinder	-	-	-0.000	2.1	-	-	-	-	-	-
North Central	-	-	-	-	0.000	0.0	-	-	-	-
North East	-	-	-	-	0.002	-8.1	-	-	-	-
North West	-	-	-	-	-0.001	4.1	-	-	-	-
South East	-	-	-	-	0.000	0.0	-	-	-	-
South South	-	-	-	-	-0.001	4.1	-	-	-	-
Western	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.000	0.0	-	-
Central	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.000	0.0	-	-
Volta	-	-	-	-	-	-	-0.002**	1.9	-	-
Eastern	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.000	0.0	-	-
Greater Accra	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.004	-3.8	-	-
Brong Ahafo	-	-	-	-	-	-	-0.002*	1.9	-	-
Northern	-	-	-	-	-	-	-0.027***	25.5	-	-
Upper East	-	-	-	-	-	-	-0.012	11.3	-	-
Upper West	-	-	-	-	-	-	-0.003	2.8	-	-
Ziguinchor	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.001	-2.6
Diourbel	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-0.001	2.6
SaintLouis	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.000	0.0
Tambacounda	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-0.002	5.3
Kaolack	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-0.001*	2.6
This	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.002*	-5.3
Louga	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.000	0.0
Fatick	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-0.001*	2.6
Kolda	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-0.005*	13.2
Matam	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.000	0.0
Kaffrine	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-0.003	7.9
Kedougou	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	0.000	0.0
Sedhiou	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-0.001*	2.6
N	9838		7654		19959		4147		8750

* p<0.05 ** p<0.01 *** p<0.001
^a The model explains 100% of the gap; the rest is noise due to the fact that the unexplained portion is negative.

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