Socio-economic inequality and inequity in use of health care services in Kenya: evidence from the fourth Kenya household health expenditure and utilization survey

Ilinca, Stefania; Di Giorgio, Laura; Salari, Paola; Chuma, Jane

doi:10.1186/s12939-019-1106-z

International Journal for Equity in Health

Table 3 Inequality in care utilization at the county level (by care type)

From: Socio-economic inequality and inequity in use of health care services in Kenya: evidence from the fourth Kenya household health expenditure and utilization survey

	No. of observations	GCP per capita^a	Outpatient		Preventive		Inpatient
County	No. of observations	GCP per capita^a	CI	Std.err	CI	Std.err	CI	Std.err
Mombasa	2025	271,039	−0.0044	0.0241	0.0213	0.0145	0.0209*	0.0102
Kwale	3536	101,725	−0.0060	0.0234	0.0065	0.0115	0.0054	0.0096
Kilifi	3585	82,405	0.0390	0.0211	0.0261**	0.0094	0.0198*	0.0083
Tana River	3488	106,894	−0.0154	0.0268	−0.0070	0.0078	0.0037	0.0061
Lamu	2792	244,379	0.0638**	0.0203	0.0150	0.0082	0.0007	0.0089
Taita/Taveta	2302	139,053	0.0076	0.0272	0.0149	0.0154	0.0038	0.0087
Garissa	3119	89,502	0.0634***	0.0171	0.0117	0.0066	0.0198**	0.0067
Wajir	4112	79,468	0.0169	0.0101	0.0284***	0.0073	−0.0037	0.0059
Mandera	4456	48,442	0.0678***	0.0173	0.0392**	0.0127	0.0314*	0.0123
Marsabit	3210	106,734	0.0414*	0.0181	0.0248***	0.0073	0.0352***	0.0098
Isiolo ^b	3161	100,904	0.0285*	0.0125	0.0438***	0.0123	0.0215**	0.0082
Meru	2884	154,537	0.0237	0.0219	0.0348	0.0131	0.0154	0.0101
Tharaka-Nithi	2602	169,141	−0.0450	0.0231	0.0249	0.0150	0.0013	0.0099
Embu	2431	183,418	0.0199	0.0269	0.0334**	0.0123	−0.0046	0.0110
Kitui	2728	91,580	0.0685**	0.0230	0.0122	0.0105	0.0064	0.0079
Machakos ^b	2975	193,460	0.0219	0.0219	0.0150	0.0107	0.0079	0.0099
Makueni	3031	104,161	0.0450*	0.0185	0.0073	0.0109	0.0118	0.0063
Nyandarua	2636	350,321	0.0508*	0.0227	0.0271*	0.0131	0.0028	0.0087
Nyeri ^b	2390	214,885	0.0921***	0.0231	0.0081	0.0140	0.0092	0.0106
Kirinyaga	2128	162,666	0.0838***	0.0240	0.0149	0.0112	0.0012	0.0122
Murang’a	2417	156,392	0.0335	0.0232	0.0019	0.0107	0.0085	0.0078
Kiambu	2340	221,467	0.0253	0.0197	0.0400	0.0125	0.0209*	0.0095
Turkana	3578	69,775	0.0563*	0.0274	0.0740***	0.0200	0.0222*	0.0107
West Pokot	4097	69,589	0.0045	0.0143	0.0136	0.0070	0.0060	0.0052
Samburu	2888	90,143	0.0586**	0.0198	0.0288**	0.0092	0.0104	0.0073
Trans Nzoia	3218	108,607	0.0447**	0.0146	0.0192**	0.0074	0.0180*	0.0083
Uasin Gishu	3222	138,350	−0.0054	0.0155	0.0315**	0.0110	0.0084	0.0071
Elgeyo	3271	328,575	0.0088	0.0142	0.0024	0.0093	−0.0003	0.0075
Nandi	3224	121,149	0.0135	0.0168	0.0067	0.0095	0.0031	0.0072
Baringo	2607	127,437	−0.0025	0.0210	0.0055	0.0090	−0.0103	0.0125
Laikipia	2704	154,840	−0.0058	0.0235	0.0270**	0.0101	0.0089	0.0083
Nakuru	2698	245,999	0.0261	0.0156	0.0164*	0.0081	0.0116	0.0063
Narok	2921	160,580	0.0346	0.0222	0.0387***	0.0098	0.0394***	0.0098
Kajiado	2325	119,557	0.0513	0.0182	0.0387***	0.0115	0.0219**	0.0084
Kericho	2835	141,047	0.0252	0.0198	0.0771***	0.0144	0.0283**	0.0096
Bomet	3428	167,777	0.0492**	0.0159	0.0283***	0.0073	0.0062	0.0057
Kakamega	3470	95,667	−0.0101	0.0210	0.0159*	0.0074	0.0267**	0.0088
Vihiga	3192	92,572	−0.0014	0.0237	0.0312*	0.0127	0.0159	0.0104
Bungoma	3663	97,986	0.0328*	0.0160	0.0200*	0.0082	0.0084	0.0081
Busia	3575	154,722	0.0046	0.0220	0.0421***	0.0111	0.0213	0.0112
Siaya	2812	94,714	0.0426	0.0168	0.0330***	0.0118	0.0001	0.0116
Kisumu ^b	2699	168,095	0.0149	0.0262	−0.0029	0.0149	0.0287	0.0177
Migori	3501	87,960	−0.0161	0.0207	−0.0197	0.0119	0.0192*	0.0095
Homa Bay	3176	99,227	0.0206	0.0192	0.0037	0.0077	0.0447***	0.0121
Kisii	2886	118,858	0.0321*	0.0141	0.0136	0.0092	0.0185*	0.0082
Nyamira	2796	144,512	0.0355*	0.0152	0.0135	0.0124	0.0113	0.0087
Nairobi City	1998	317,700	−0.0001	0.0241	0.0136	0.0145	0.0213	0.0110

Note: * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001
^aGross county product (GCP) per capita at current prices (Ksh), in 2017 - Kenya Bureau of Statistics [49]
^bCounty included in the universal health coverage pilot

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