Measuring and explaining changing patterns of inequality in institutional deliveries between urban and rural women in Ghana: a decomposition analysis

Table 3 Contribution of the Determinants of Institutional Delivery to the Gap Between Urban and Rural Women

	Pooled Data	2003 Data	2008 Data	2014 Data
	Explained Effect	Explained Effect	Explained Effect	Explained Effect
Component	0.261^a	0.287^a	0.309^a	0.217^a
Four+ Antenatal Visits	0.019^a	0.037^a	0.019^a	0.018^a
Pregnancy Complications	0.0002	−0.0001	0.0003	0.0003
Parity	0.023^a	0.01	0.018	0.027^a
Age	0.001	−0.002	0.0001	0.002
Education	0.039^a	0.031^a	0.043^a	0.034^a
Wealth Index	0.161^a	0.177^a	0.228^a	0.114^a
Region	−0.017^a	−0.016	− 0.017	−0.014^a
Ethnicity	0.001	0.018^a	0.001	0.001
Religion	0.01^a	0.01	0.013^a	0.006^a
Marital Status	0.003	0.0001	0.0002	0.0004
Distance from Health Facility	0.016^a	0.014	0.008	0.023^a
Inverse Mills Ratio	−0.002	0.006	−0.008	0.006
Maternal Health Reforms	−0.002	–	–
Survey Fixed Effect	0.01	0	–	0
Constant			0.235	0.351
Unexplained Effect	0.025^a	0.181^a	0.091^a	0.062^a

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