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Table 2 Household’s income and consumption-based Welfare Measures by Mental Health Conditions and Severity

From: Mental health problems and socioeconomic disadvantage: a controlled household study in rural Ethiopia

Household’s economic variables

Severe mental disorder (SMD) study

Depression study

Comparison households for depression

(N = 129)

Households of persons with SMD

(N = 290)

Comparison households without persons with SMD

(N = 289)

Households of persons with depression

(N = 128)

SMD with higher disability

(N = 148)

SMD with lower disability

(N = 142)

Depression with higher- disability

(N = 65)

Depression with lower disability

(N = 63)

Reliability of income, %(95% CI)

      

Regular income

54.4**(46.2, 62.4)

57.7(49.4, 65.6)

66.2(60.5,71.4)

44.6*(32.9,56.9)

71.4(58.9,81.3)

63.2(54.5,71.2)

Seasonal income

38.6 (31.0, 46.8)

38.7(31.0, 47.0)

32.8(27.5,38.4)

52.3(40.1,64.2)

28.6(18.6,41.0)

34.3(26.6,43.0)

No income

6.8*(3.7, 12.3)

3.5(1.4, 8.2)

1.0 (0.3,3.2)

3.0(0.7,11.6)

0.0(0.0)

2.3(0.7,7.0)

Sources of income,%(95% CI)

      

Wages

27.8(21.2, 35.7)

19.1.(13.4,26.5)

21.8(17.4, 27.0)

27.6(18.0,39.8)

12.7*(6.4,23.5)

27.9(20.7,36.3)

Trading

73.4**(65.7,80.0)

79.5*(72.1, 85.4)

87.5(83.1,90.8)

78.4(66.6,86.8)

90.4(80.2,95.7)

85.2(80.2,95.7)

Rental properties

12.8* (8.3, 19.2)

13.3*(8.6, 20.0)

6.2(3.9,9.6)

9.2(4.1,19.2)

3.1(0.7,12.0)

6.2(3.1,11.9)

Annual income HC, median (IQR) ‡

2584.4** (1316.0, 4651.5)

2888.8 (1666.6, 5313.2)

3654.7 (2000.0,5776.5)

3130.4* (2476.1,4761.9)

4193.5 (2400.0,6086.9)

4216.2 (2333.3,8333.3)

Annual consumption HC, median (IQR) ‡

8235.2 (4957.6, 12507.7)

8352.2 (5220.7, 12492.4)

8527.4 (5855.3, 13160.0)

7650.0** (5251.0,10737.5)

10054.1(6628.9, 16460.6)

10254.2 (7026.6, 16104.0)

  1. ‡ = Birr; US$1 = Birr 20.69 (2015);* P < 0.05, ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001; IQR (inter-quartile range); HC (headcount)