Table 2 Characteristics of receiving care and gender difference among dependent older adults in KLoSA (N = 946)
Total N(%) or Mean (SD) | Men | Women | P-value for gender difference | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
(Estimated % or LS mean) | ||||
Primary main caregiver, % | ||||
None (care deficit) | 320 (33.8) | 41.7 | 30.7 | 0.007** |
Spouse | 297 (31.4) | 31.9 | 32.6 | 0.852 |
Children | 140 (14.8) | 10.3 | 19.0 | 0.004** |
Other relatives, friends | 91 (09.6) | 8.7 | 8.7 | 1.000 |
Paid formal | 98 (10.4) | 7.4 | 9.0 | 0.469 |
Caregivers combinations (Main+additional), % | ||||
None (care deficit) | 320 (33.8) | 41.7 | 30.7 | 0.007** |
Spouse only | 234 (24.7) | 26.2 | 24.4 | 0.617 |
Spouse+unpaid informal | 52 (05.5) | 5.6 | 6.2 | 0.774 |
Spouse+paid formal | 11 (01.2) | 0.2 | 2.1 | 0.047* |
Children only | 84 (08.9) | 6.3 | 11.9 | 0.032* |
Children+unpaid informal | 47 (05.0) | 3.0 | 6.6 | 0.070 |
Children+paid formal | 9 (01.0) | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.645 |
Other relatives, friends only | 54 (05.7) | 4.4 | 5.4 | 0.590 |
Other relatives, friends+unpaid informal | 33 (03.5) | 3.6 | 2.9 | 0.668 |
Other relatives, friends+paid formal | 4 (00.4) | 0.7 | 0.3 | 0.582 |
Paid formal caregiver only | 54 (05.7) | 5.5 | 3.5 | 0.290 |
Paid formal+unpaid informal | 44 (04.7) | 1.9 | 5.5 | 0.030* |
Number of caregivers (n = 626), mean | 1.40 (0.68) | 1.317 | 1.485 | 0.029* |
Caregiving days per month (n = 626), mean | 24.51 (15.63) | 25.59 | 21.25 | 0.006** |
Caregiving hours per day (n = 626), mean | 5.04 (4.97) | 4.43 | 4.61 | 0.673 |
Payment to caregivers (n = 626), % | 66 (7.1) | 5.6 | 5.5 | 0.964 |
Cost for caregivinga (n = 66), mean | 48.48 (53.44) | 35.13 | 38.57 | 0.887 |
Cost of own paida (n = 66), mean | 24.80 (40.72) | 24.34 | 14.13 | 0.446 |
Cost of family paida (n = 66), mean | 39.01 (06.92) | 10.80 | 24.43 | 0.517 |