Table 5 Gelberg Anderson Behavioural Model for Vulnerable Populations [10]
Predisposing Factors | Enabling Factors | Need | Health Behaviour | Outcomes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Traditional Domain | ||||
Demographics Age Gender Marital Status. Health Beliefs Values Concerning health and illness Altitudes towards health services. Knowledge about disease Social Structure Ethnicity Education Employment Social Networks Occupation Family Size Religion | Personal / Family Resources Regular Source of Care Entitlement to free primary-care Income Social Support Perceived Barriers to Care Community Resources Residence Region Health Services Resources | Perceived health General Population health conditions Evaluated Health General Population health conditions | Personal Health Practices Diet Exercise Self Care Tobacco Use Adherence to care Use of Health Services Ambulatory Care Inpatient Care Alternative Healthcare Long-term healthcare | Traditional & Vulnerable Domains Health Status Perceived Health Evaluated Health Satisfaction with Care General Satisfaction Technical quality Interpersonal aspects Coordination Communication Financial Aspects Time spent with clinical Access / Availability Convenience Continuity Comprehensiveness Administrative Hassle |
Vulnerable Domain | ||||
Social Structure Country of birth Acculturation / Immigration / Literacy Sexual orientation Childhood characteristics Residential History (e.g. foster care, orphanages) / Homelessness Living Conditions Mobility (stability of home) Length of time in the community Criminal behaviour / Prison history History of abuse or neglect Mental Health Psychological resources (self esteem, social skills etc) Substance abuse | Personal / Family Resources Competing Needs Hunger Social Benefits Self Help Skills Ability to negotiate system Key worker Transport Telephone Information Sources Community Resources Crime rates Social Services resources | Perceived health Vulnerable Population health conditions Evaluated Health Vulnerable Population health conditions (e.g. TB, STD’s, and HIV, Hepatitis etc and substance abuse and mental health problems). | Personal Health Practices Food sources Hygiene Unsafe sexual practices | |