Variable | Male | Female | Total |
---|---|---|---|
CES-D 8 scale | |||
 Mean | 7.04 | 7.72 | 7.39 |
 Standard deviation (SD) | 4.09 | 4.00 | 4.06 |
 Median | 7.00 | 7.16 | 7.00 |
 P25 | 4.00 | 5.00 | 5.00 |
 P75 | 9.00 | 10.00 | 10.00 |
Depressive symptoms (%) | 24.38 | 28.46 | 26.49 |
Gender | |||
 Male |  |  | 48.32 |
 Female |  |  | 51.68 |
Race | |||
 African | 77.24 | 78.79 | 78.04 |
 Coloured | 9.34 | 9.22 | 9.28 |
 Indian/Asian/White | 13.42 | 12.00 | 12.68 |
Age | |||
 18to34 | 52.04 | 46.30 | 49.07 |
 35to64 | 38.57 | 45.63 | 42.22 |
 65plus | 9.39 | 8.07 | 8.71 |
Marital status | |||
 Married | 41.68 | 38.93 | 40.25 |
 Single | 58.32 | 61.07 | 59.75 |
Place of residence | |||
 Urban formal | 64.54 | 68.69 | 66.69 |
 Urban informal | 7.79 | 6.44 | 7.09 |
 Tribal | 23.51 | 21.91 | 22.69 |
 Rural | 4.16 | 2.96 | 3.54 |
Subjective social status | |||
 Mean | 4.56 | 4.14 | 4.35 |
 S.D | 2.12 | 2.06 | 2.10 |
 Quintile 1 (rank 1–2) | 21.56 | 27.19 | 24.47 |
 Quintile 2 (rank 3–4) | 24.62 | 27.01 | 25.86 |
 Quintile 3 (rank 5–6) | 36.49 | 33.52 | 34.96 |
 Quintile 4 (rank 7–8) | 13.88 | 10.13 | 11.94 |
 Quintile 5 (rank 9–10) | 3.44 | 2.15 | 2.77 |
Financial difficulties | |||
 Hardly/Never | 29.09 | 26.37 | 27.69 |
 Always/Sometimes | 70.91 | 73.63 | 72.31 |
Childhood conflict | |||
 Hardly/Never | 54.19 | 54.57 | 54.39 |
 Always/Sometimes | 45.81 | 45.43 | 45.61 |
Employment | |||
 Employed | 42.33 | 25.73 | 33.70 |
 Non labour force participant | 20.01 | 29.18 | 24.78 |
 Unemployed | 37.66 | 45.09 | 41.53 |
Education | |||
 None | 2.82 | 4.35 | 3.61 |
 Primary | 11.39 | 13.49 | 12.48 |
 Secondary | 38.42 | 37.17 | 37.77 |
 Matric | 36.31 | 35.42 | 35.85 |
 Tertiary | 11.07 | 9.57 | 10.30 |
Fruits | |||
  < once a day | 49.64 | 51.71 | 50.71 |
  > = once a day | 50.36 | 48.29 | 49.29 |
Vegetables | |||
  < once a day | 43.48 | 42.54 | 42.99 |
  > = once a day | 56.52 | 57.46 | 57.01 |
Physical activity | |||
 0–2 times | 44.11 | 59.12 | 51.75 |
 3–7 times | 55.89 | 40.88 | 48.25 |
Smoking | |||
 Less than daily/never | 68.37 | 91.24 | 80.19 |
 Daily | 31.63 | 8.76 | 19.81 |
Alcohol | |||
  < =once a week/never | 90.07 | 95.40 | 92.82 |
  > once a week | 9.93 | 4.60 | 7.18 |