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Table 1 Summary statistics, by gender

From: Subjective social status and inequalities in depressive symptoms: a gender-specific decomposition analysis for South Africa

Variable

Male

Female

Total

CES-D 8 scale

 Mean

7.04

7.72

7.39

 Standard deviation (SD)

4.09

4.00

4.06

 Median

7.00

7.16

7.00

 P25

4.00

5.00

5.00

 P75

9.00

10.00

10.00

Depressive symptoms (%)

24.38

28.46

26.49

Gender

 Male

  

48.32

 Female

  

51.68

Race

 African

77.24

78.79

78.04

 Coloured

9.34

9.22

9.28

 Indian/Asian/White

13.42

12.00

12.68

Age

 18to34

52.04

46.30

49.07

 35to64

38.57

45.63

42.22

 65plus

9.39

8.07

8.71

Marital status

 Married

41.68

38.93

40.25

 Single

58.32

61.07

59.75

Place of residence

 Urban formal

64.54

68.69

66.69

 Urban informal

7.79

6.44

7.09

 Tribal

23.51

21.91

22.69

 Rural

4.16

2.96

3.54

Subjective social status

 Mean

4.56

4.14

4.35

 S.D

2.12

2.06

2.10

 Quintile 1 (rank 1–2)

21.56

27.19

24.47

 Quintile 2 (rank 3–4)

24.62

27.01

25.86

 Quintile 3 (rank 5–6)

36.49

33.52

34.96

 Quintile 4 (rank 7–8)

13.88

10.13

11.94

 Quintile 5 (rank 9–10)

3.44

2.15

2.77

Financial difficulties

 Hardly/Never

29.09

26.37

27.69

 Always/Sometimes

70.91

73.63

72.31

Childhood conflict

 Hardly/Never

54.19

54.57

54.39

 Always/Sometimes

45.81

45.43

45.61

Employment

 Employed

42.33

25.73

33.70

 Non labour force participant

20.01

29.18

24.78

 Unemployed

37.66

45.09

41.53

Education

 None

2.82

4.35

3.61

 Primary

11.39

13.49

12.48

 Secondary

38.42

37.17

37.77

 Matric

36.31

35.42

35.85

 Tertiary

11.07

9.57

10.30

Fruits

  < once a day

49.64

51.71

50.71

  > = once a day

50.36

48.29

49.29

Vegetables

  < once a day

43.48

42.54

42.99

  > = once a day

56.52

57.46

57.01

Physical activity

 0–2 times

44.11

59.12

51.75

 3–7 times

55.89

40.88

48.25

Smoking

 Less than daily/never

68.37

91.24

80.19

 Daily

31.63

8.76

19.81

Alcohol

  < =once a week/never

90.07

95.40

92.82

  > once a week

9.93

4.60

7.18