Table 1 Descriptive statistics by gender and insurance status
ROSCA member | Non-ROSCA member | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Insured (n = 38) | Uninsured (n = 125) | Combined (n = 163) | Insured (n = 81) | Uninsured (n = 200) | Combined (n = 281) | |
Household characteristics | ||||||
Median household sizeb | 4 (3,5) | 4 (3,5) | 4 (3,5) | 5 (3,6) | 4 (3,5) | 4 (3,5) |
Households with children <=5 years | 48% | 59% | 56% | 61% | 58% | 58% |
Households with children <=15 years | 75% | 76% | 76% | 84% | 78% | 79% |
Households with elderly > = 60 years | 11% | 6% | 7% | 8% | 10% | 10% |
Average socioeconomic status (SES) scoreaa | 3.47 (0.28) | 2.95 (0.27) | 3.19 (0.27) | 3.16 (0.21) | 2.69 (0.26) | 2.80 (0.25) |
% of poor households (Q1-Q2) | 26% | 42% | 37% | 29% | 50% | 45% |
% of rich households (Q5) | 32% | 18% | 22% | 18% | 15% | 16% |
Annual average household expenditure (KShs)a | 365,060 (154435) | 361,195 (734010) | 362,309 (624283) | 373,513 (571020) | 230,524 (208211) | 263,859 (333668) |
Household head characteristics | ||||||
Median ageb | 39 (29,45) | 35 (28,40) | 36 (27,40) | 34 (27,42) | 35 (26,39) | 35 (27,40) |
Female household heads | 21% | 29% | 26% | 13% | 34% | 29% |
Secondary-level education and above | 63% | 49% | 53% | 71% | 43% | 50% |
Married household heads | 83% | 72% | 75% | 87% | 66% | 71% |
Paid employee | 38% | 38% | 38% | 61% | 30% | 37% |
Small-scale business owner | 56% | 57% | 57% | 32% | 62% | 55% |
No fixed employment | 6% | 5% | 5% | 8% | 7% | 7% |
More than one earner | 52% | 32% | 37% | 39% | 19% | 24% |
Profits as remuneration | 27% | 24% | 25% | 18% | 18% | 18% |
% living below poverty linec | 14% | 20% | 19% | 39% | 38% | 38% |
Household health status | ||||||
Mean health statusa | 2.04 (0.59) | 1.96 (0.52) | 1.98 (0.54) | 2.03 (0.51) | 2.04 (0.56) | 2.04 (0.55) |
Presence of chronic disease | 4% | 6% | 5% | 3% | 7% | 6% |
Use of curative services | ||||||
Outpatient service use in past 30 days | 48% | 49% | 48% | 45% | 37% | 39% |
Inpatient service use in past year | 36% | 25% | 28% | 16% | 22% | 21% |
Annual per capita health expenditure (KShs)a | 1729 (18607) | 739 (3542) | 1025 (10516) | 569 (2946) | 818 (6442) | 760 (5821) |