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Table 4 Simultaneous adjustment of total cultural, social and economic capital on educational inequalities in food consumption, adjusted for confoundersa

From: Does cultural capital contribute to educational inequalities in food consumption in the Netherlands? A cross-sectional analysis of the GLOBE-2011 survey

 

Low overall healthy food consumption

Low whole wheat bread

Low vegetable

Low fish & meat-substitutes

High fried food

(n = 2947) b

(n = 2900) b

(n = 2934) b

(n = 2833) b

(n = 2853) b

OR

(95% CI)

OR

(95% CI)

OR

(95% CI)

OR

(95% CI)

OR

(95% CI)

Educational level

 1 High

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

 2

1.09

(0.98–1.20)

1.23**

(1.08–1.40)

1.20***

(1.09–1.32)

1.18**

(1.05–1.33)

1.42***

(1.18–1.71)

 3

1.08

(0.97–1.20)

1.26**

(1.09–1.47)

1.18**

(1.06–1.31)

1.10

(0.97–1.26)

1.35**

(1.08–1.69)

 4 Low

1.22*

(1.04–1.43)

1.19

(0.92–1.53)

1.17

(0.98–1.40)

1.23*

(1.00–1.51)

1.66**

(1.15–2.38)

Total cultural capital

 High

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

 Mid

1.23***

(1.11–1.37)

1.13

(0.98–1.30)

1.30***

(1.16–1.45)

1.32***

(1.15–1.51)

1.29*

(1.05–1.59)

 Low

1.35***

(1.22–1.49)

1.21**

(1.05–1.38)

1.55***

(1.40–1.71)

1.74***

(1.53–1.97)

1.59***

(1.31–1.93)

Total social capital

 High

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

 Mid

1.01

(0.91–1.11)

0.98

(0.86–1.11)

0.96

(0.87–1.05)

1.05

(0.94–1.18)

0.92

(0.77–1.10)

 Low

1.11*

(1.01–1.22)

1.23**

(1.08–1.40)

1.02

(0.93–1.12)

1.21***

(1.08–1.36)

0.87

(0.72–1.05)

Total economic capital

 High

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

1.00

 

 Mid

0.97

(0.87–1.07)

1.09

(0.95–1.24)

0.93

(0.84–1.02)

0.89

(0.79–1.01)

1.00

(0.83–1.21)

 Low

1.06

(0.95–1.18)

1.08

(0.93–1.25)

0.98

(0.89–1.09)

0.93

(0.82–1.06)

1.03

(0.83–1.27)

  1. * = p < .050, ** = p ≤ .010, *** = p ≤ .001; OR odds ratio. a All models included educational level, total cultural capital, total social capital, total economic capital, and confounders (age, sex, ethnic background and marital status). b Varying sample sizes due to missing values on the food outcomes