Table 1 General characteristics of study population at baseline in 2012
From: The relationship between catastrophic health expenditure and health-related quality of life
Variables | EQ-VAS | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
N | (%) | Mean ± S.D | t / F value | p-value | |||
Catastrophic expenditure | −7.37 | <.0001 | |||||
Yes | 398 | (4.5) | 64.46 | ± | 17.56 | ||
No | 8452 | (95.5) | 71.06 | ± | 15.21 | ||
Sex | 8.42 | <.0001 | |||||
Male | 3834 | (43.3) | 72.32 | ± | 14.72 | ||
Female | 5016 | (56.7) | 69.57 | ± | 15.78 | ||
Age | 104.34 | <.0001 | |||||
19~ 29 | 733 | (8.3) | 75.19 | ± | 14.60 | ||
30~ 39 | 1421 | (16.1) | 73.56 | ± | 14.55 | ||
40~ 49 | 2057 | (23.2) | 73.65 | ± | 13.37 | ||
50~ 59 | 1693 | (19.1) | 70.86 | ± | 14.55 | ||
60~ 69 | 1503 | (17.0) | 68.36 | ± | 16.03 | ||
70+ | 1443 | (16.3) | 64.03 | ± | 16.88 | ||
Education level | 281.25 | <.0001 | |||||
Elementary or below | 1912 | (21.6) | 64.16 | ± | 16.87 | ||
Middle/high school | 3955 | (44.7) | 71.14 | ± | 14.85 | ||
College or above | 2983 | (33.7) | 74.49 | ± | 13.63 | ||
Economic status | 10.29 | <.0001 | |||||
Employed | 5498 | (62.1) | 72.11 | ± | 14.46 | ||
Unemployed | 3352 | (37.9) | 68.55 | ± | 16.56 | ||
Income | 117.73 | <.0001 | |||||
Low | 1243 | (14.0) | 63.41 | ± | 17.67 | ||
Middle-low | 1687 | (19.1) | 69.08 | ± | 15.39 | ||
Middle | 1866 | (21.1) | 71.25 | ± | 14.82 | ||
Middle-high | 1987 | (22.4) | 72.56 | ± | 14.56 | ||
High | 2067 | (23.4) | 74.38 | ± | 13.41 | ||
Health insurance type | 12.17 | <.0001 | |||||
Health insurance | 8448 | (95.5) | 71.30 | ± | 14.96 | ||
Medical aid | 402 | (4.5) | 59.39 | ± | 19.34 | ||
Family constitution | 79.65 | <.0001 | |||||
Living alone | 667 | (7.5) | 66.46 | ± | 17.12 | ||
Couple | 1792 | (20.3) | 68.06 | ± | 16.37 | ||
Couple with children | 4803 | (54.3) | 73.00 | ± | 14.11 | ||
More | 1588 | (17.9) | 68.87 | ± | 16.06 | ||
Number of chronic disease | 225.56 | <.0001 | |||||
0 | 3180 | (35.9) | 74.92 | ± | 13.73 | ||
1 | 1794 | (20.3) | 72.41 | ± | 14.19 | ||
2 | 1252 | (14.1) | 70.00 | ± | 15.11 | ||
3+ | 2624 | (29.7) | 64.96 | ± | 16.34 | ||
Disability | 12.77 | <.0001 | |||||
Absent | 8266 | (93.4) | 71.38 | ± | 15.04 | ||
Present | 584 | (6.6) | 61.95 | ± | 17.40 | ||
Perceive health status | 40.78 | <.0001 | |||||
Good | 7478 | (84.5) | 73.72 | ± | 13.20 | ||
Bad | 1372 | (15.5) | 54.62 | ± | 16.41 | ||
Depression mood | −18.53 | <.0001 | |||||
Present | 632 | (7.4) | 58.11 | ± | 18.03 | ||
Absent | 8218 | (92.9) | 71.74 | ± | 14.72 | ||
Year | |||||||
2012 | 8850 | 100.0 | 70.76 | ± | 15.39 | ||