The distribution of benefits under China’s new rural cooperative medical system: evidence from western rural China

Table 4 Regression results using two-part models in 2008 and 2013

Variables	2008				2013
	Participant (Probit)		Continuous (OLS)		Participant (Probit)		Continuous (OLS)
	Coeff.	SE	Coeff.	SE	Coeff.	SE	Coeff.	SE
Age (Ref: 15–44 years)
45–59	−0.011*	0.005	0.256	0.165	− 0.012**	0.003	0.173**	0.057
60 or above	−0.005	0.008	0.246	0.177	0.016 **	0.006	0.164*	0.064
Gender (Ref: Male)
Female	0.015**	0.005	−0.315*	0.136	0.018**	0.003	−0.206**	0.040
Chronic conditions (Ref: No)
Yes	0.056**	0.011	−0.262	0.143	0.089**	0.005	−0.011	0.045
Self-rated health	−0.001**	0.000	−0.009*	0.004	−0.002**	0.000	−0.011**	0.001
Economic status (Ref: Poorest)
Poorer	0.009	0.007	−0.045	0.226	0.014**	0.005	0.022	0.066
Middle	0.028**	0.007	−0.118	0.148	0.018**	0.005	0.065	0.065
Richer	0.020**	0.007	0.018	0.155	0.028**	0.005	0.195**	0.072
Richest	0.049**	0.008	0.528**	0.170	0.045**	0.007	0.566**	0.080
Educational status (Ref: Primary or below)
Middle school	0.006	0.006	−0.101	0.133	−0.001	0.004	0.009	0.049
High school	0.000	0.009	−0.134	0.183	−0.004	0.006	0.072	0.076
College or above	−0.005	0.017	−0.038	0.487	0.013	0.012	0.136	0.166
Marital status (Ref: Unmarried)
Married	0.024**	0.005	0.106	0.222	0.050**	0.005	−0.288**	0.106
Other	0.014*	0.007	−0.029	0.281	0.026**	0.005	−0.349**	0.114
Employment status (Ref: Employed)
Unemployed	−0.004	0.005	0.189	0.120	0.011*	0.005	0.033	0.051
Commercial insurance (Ref: No)
Yes	−0.003	0.009	0.171	0.195	−0.007	0.009	−0.162	0.118
Time to the nearest health-care facility (Ref: Less than 15 min)
15 min or above	−0.009	0.005			0.000	0.004
Sample size	9506		408		38,010		3272

Note: (1) Clustered robust SEs in parentheses; (2) Ref means Reference level; (3) *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01

ISSN: 1475-9276