Table 2 Prevalence of self-reported unmet need for oral health services by characteristics, adults aged 50 years and over in China, Ghana, and India, 2007-2010a
China N = 1591 | Ghana N = 425 | India N = 1307 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Unmet need | n | % (CI) | p-value | n | % (CI) | p-value | n | % (CI) | p-value | |
Total | 927 | 60.00 (56.18–63.70) | 348 | 80.34 (75.42–84-48) | 810 | 61.97 (56.92–66.77) | ||||
Sex | Male | 422 | 47.79 (43.99–51.61) | 0.961 | 182 | 55.05 (48.51–61.42) | 0.507 | 395 | 50.43 (44.41–56.43) | 0.2175 |
Female | 505 | 52.21 (48.39–56.01) | 166 | 44.95 (38.58–51.49) | 415 | 49.57 (43.57–55.59) | ||||
Age (years) | 50–59 | 242 | 29.91 (27.24–32.72) | p < 0.001 | 118 | 34.83 (28.41–41.86) | 0.128 | 237 | 33.15 (29.10–37.47) | p < 0.0001 |
60–69 | 278 | 32.52 (29.67–35.50) | 94 | 26.73 (21.93–32.14) | 283 | 33.17 (28.58–38.11) | ||||
70–79 | 291 | 26.81 (22.71–31.35) | 87 | 25.11 (20.11–30.86) | 202 | 24.83 (20.62–29.57) | ||||
80+ | 116 | 10.77 (08.11–14.15) | 49 | 13.34 (09.88–17.77) | 88 | 08.85 (06.60–11.78) | ||||
Residence | Urban | 276 | 29.09 (24.83–33.76) | p < 0.001 | 121 | 34.27 (28.26–40.82) | 0.049 | 158 | 26.72 (17.88–37.90) | 0.8069 |
Rural | 651 | 70.91 (66.24–75.17) | 227 | 65.73 (59.18–71.74) | 652 | 73.28 (62.10–82.12) | ||||
Marital status | No-married | 9 | 01.28 (00.66–02-48) | 0.031 | 1 | 00.29 (00.01–02.02) | 0.024 | 13 | 01.38 (00.56–03.36) | 0.0250 |
Married | 693 | 78.73 (75.58–81.58) | 186 | 57.58 (51.33–63.74) | 521 | 68.75 (63.87–73.25) | ||||
Divorce | 225 | 19.98 (17.42–22.82) | 161 | 42.03 (35.87–48.44) | 276 | 29.87 (25.52–34.62) | ||||
Wealth status | 1(Highest) | 111 | 13.55 (10.53–17.27) | p < 0.001 | 56 | 15.59 (11.72–20.45) | 0.021 | 152 | 20.98 (16.91–25.71) | 0.6890 |
2 | 150 | 18.77 (15.33–22.77) | 71 | 21.69 (16.62–27.79) | 160 | 17.84 (14.47–21.79) | ||||
3 | 182 | 22.48 (17.27–28-73) | 72 | 22.71 (17.30–29.21) | 156 | 20.59 (15.00–27.59) | ||||
4 | 195 | 20.28 (16.88–24.16) | 66 | 17.93 (13.69–23.14) | 176 | 19.12 (15.46–23.41) | ||||
5(Lowest) | 289 | 24.92 (20.90–29.43) | 83 | 22.08 (17.83–27.00) | 166 | 21.47 (16.76–27.07) | ||||
Education | University | 18 | 01.84 (00.95–03.56) | p < 0.001 | 7 | 01.98 (00.92–04.21) | 0.004 | 10 | 01.53 (00.60–03.84) | 0.0118 |
Secondary | 152 | 18.02 (14.74–21.84) | 73 | 20.89 (16.11–26.64) | 104 | 16.70 (12.56–21.86) | ||||
Primary | 356 | 40.40 (36.57–44.35) | 60 | 18.55 (13.99–24.17) | 195 | 24.89 (20.70–29.60) | ||||
No school | 401 | 39.74 (36.29–43.29) | 208 | 58.58 (51.46–65.36) | 501 | 56.89 (49.97–63.55) | ||||
Work status | Never work | 91 | 08.24 (05.45–12.29) | 0.024 | 0 | 0.00 | 0.217 | 222 | 27.14 (22.75–32.03) | 0.0065 |
working | 383 | 45.37 (39.93–50.93) | 228 | 66.82 (60.30–72.75) | 253 | 33.37 (28.44–38.70) | ||||
Not current | 453 | 46.38 (41.23–51.61) | 120 | 33.18 (27.25–39.70) | 335 | 39.49 (34.57–44.63) | ||||
Self-rated health | Good | 199 | 24.13 (20.58–28.07) | 0.007 | 112 | 33.41 (27.73–39.61) | 0.753 | 147 | 21.16 (14.58–29.68) | 0.4663 |
Moderate | 399 | 40.40 (37.01–43.88) | 141 | 40.67 (34.44–47.21) | 410 | 47.66 (42.07–53.30) | ||||
Bad | 329 | 35.48 (31.57–39.59) | 95 | 25.92 (20.97–31.59) | 253 | 31.18 (25.85–37.06) | ||||