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Table 3 Second treatment and associated costs

From: Making free public healthcare attractive: optimizing health equity funds in Cambodia

 

HoHEF

N (%)

N = 411

CHEF

N (%)

N = 450

iSHPS

N (%)

N = 1153

HoHEF vs CHEH

CHEF vs iSHPS

HoHEF vs iSHPS

 

Cluster adjusted Chi square = 0.001

Went for 2nd treatment

51 (12.4)

66 (14.7)

248 (21.5)

   

 Those who initiated care at public facility

7 (12.7)

32 (18.1)

146 (23.0)

   

 at private provider

29 (13.9)

14 (8.7)

74 (22.0)

   

 at non-medical provider

15 (10.2)

20 (18.2)

28 (16.3)

   

Sought care for 2nd treatment at

Cluster adjusted Chi square = 0.001

 Health centre

3 (5.9)

15 (22.7)

72 (29.0)

   

 Public hospital

6 (11.8)

9 (13.6)

28 (11.3)

   

 Private facility

23 (45.1)

19 (28.8)

116 (46.8)

   

 Non-Medical

19 (37.3)

23 (34.9)

32 (12.9)

   

 >Proportion going to a public facility

(17.6)

(36.4)

(40.3)

   

Direct medical cost in US$ [SD]

p-value*

 Health centre

0.5 [0.3]

0.1 [0.04]

0.2 [1.8]

< 0.001

NS

< 0.001

 Public hospital

16.9 [33.7]

10.6 [26.2]

3.7 [16.8]

NS

NS

0.026

 Private facility

10.1 [10.2]

10.4 [8.4]

13.9 [15.7]

NS

NS

NS

 Non-Medical

2.7 [2.2]

1.8 [2.5]

3.5 [6.6]

NS

NS

NS

 Average per patient who sought 2nd treatment

7.5 [13.8]

5.0 [10.9]

7.4 [13.7]

0.039

0.024

NS

Direct non-medical costs in US$ [SD]

 Health centre

0.3 [0.3]

0.8 [1.7]

0.3 [0.85]

NS

NS

NS

 Public hospital

3.6 [3.0]

4.6 [4.1]

4.3 [4.6]

NS

NS

NS

 Private facility

0.9 [1.7]

1.2 [1.3]

1.0 [1.7]

NS

NS

NS

 Non-Medical

0.3 [0.91]

0 [0]

0.5 [2.2]

NS

NS

NS

 Average per patient who sought 2nd treatment

1.0 [1.9]

1.1 [2.2]

1.1 [2.4]

NSS

NS

NS

Total cost 2nd treatment per patient who sought care in US$ [SD]

8.5 [14.9]

6.1 [11.7]

8.5 [14.4]

NS

NS

NS

Overall cost per patient who sought care in US$

20.7

19.5

10.4

NS

< 0.001

< 0.001

    Of which treatment costs

    (% of total)

20.0 (96.6)

16.6 (85.1)

9.3 (89.4)

   

    Of which transport costs

    (% of total)

0.7 (3.4)

2.9 (14.9)

1.2 (10.6)

   
  1. NS not significant, SD standard deviation: * Bonferroni–Dunn post hoc test for multiple comparison after cluster adjusted Kruskal Wallis test