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Table 1 Characteristics of the population*, according period of the survey. ISA 2003, 2008, 2015. (SP), Brazil, 2003–2015

From: Determinants of inequalities in the quality of Brazilian diet: trends in 12-year population-based study (2003–2015)

Variables*

ISA 2003

ISA 2008

ISA 2015

n**

% (CI 95%)***

n**

% (CI 95%)***

n**

% (CI 95%)***

Sex

 Male

1186

46.06 (43.38–48.77)

722

46.90 (44.37–49.44)

837

50.02 (47.17–52.86)

 Female

1212

53.94 (51.23–56.62)

940

53.10 (50.56–55.64)

905

49.98 (47.14–52.83)

Age group (years)

 12–19

811

18.93 (16.98–21.05)

560

15.14 (12.93–17.34)

554

23.17 (20.87–25.66)

 20–59

756

68.18 (66.01–70.27)

585

71.00 (68.00–74.01)

643

54.15 (51.45–56.82)

 ≥ 60

831

12.89 (11.30–14.66)

517

13.86 (11.62–16.10)

545

22.68 (19.90–25.71)

Ethnic group

 White

1517

65.51 (61.63–69.20)

963

58.46 (52.72–64.20)

840

49.59 (45.76–53.41)

 Non-white

870

34.49 (30.80–38.37)

697

41.54 (35.80–47.28)

888

50.41 (46.59–54.24)

Education

 ≤ 4 years

1048

35.60 (31.88–39.53)

595

22.65 (19.05–26.70)

265

12.33 (10.50–14.44)

 5–9 years

518

22.96 (20.20–25.97)

450

24.16 (19.11–30.04)

607

30.22 (27.69–32.88)

 10–12 years

454

21.01 (18.21–24.11)

375

33.39 (28.08–39.15)

573

33.95 (31.31–36.67)

 ≥ 12 years or more

347

20.43 (16.41–25.13)

216

19.80 (14.59–26.31)

292

23.50 (20.16–27.21)

Household income per capita

 < 1 MW

1123

42.06 (37.75–46.49)

1263

74.88 (69.07–79.91)

769

50.07 (45.13–55.00)

 ≥ 1 MW

1275

57.94 (53.51–62.25)

399

25.12 (20.09–30.93)

640

49.93 (45.00–54.88)

Occupation

 Unemployed

842

25.54 (22.45–28.88)

603

25.74 (22.63–29.12)

955

46.22 (43.42–49.05)

 Employed

1531

74.46 (71.12–77.55)

1028

74.26 (70.88–77.37)

761

53.78 (50.95–56.58)

Marital status

 With partner

1661

71.38 (67.99–74.54)

1101

70.13 (65.64–74.27)

1068

56.07 (53.20–58.90)

 Without partner

713

28.62 (25.46–32.01)

536

29.87 (25.73–34.36)

666

43.93 (41.10–46.80)

Type of residence

 House

2043

81.10 (72.78–87.31)

1533

93.04 (88.26–95.96)

1339

77.17 (70.82–82.49)

 Apartment

305

17.75 (11.66–26.09)

116

6.30 (3.49–11.12)

197

13.65 (9.56–19.14)

 Shed

6

0.33 (0.09–1.13)

9

0.53 (0.12–2.27)

2

0.13 (0.03–0.57)

 House of rooms

17

0.82 (0.16–4.25)

3

0.13 (0.03–0.75)

149

9.04 (5.79–13.85)

Physical activity

 Active

613

21.93 (18.99–25.18)

366

18.11 (15.00–22.69)

442

22.93 (20.36–25.71)

 Inactive

1759

78.07 (74.82–81.01)

1296

81.89 (78.31–84.99)

1277

77.07 (74.29–79.64)

Smoking habits

 Non-smoker

1651

66.38 (63.48–69.15)

1155

64.17 (60.45–67.87)

1261

71.23 (68.38–73.92)

 Former smoker

371

14.72 (12.40–17.40)

274

16.04 (13.21–18.86)

261

14.79 (12.57–17.31)

 Current smoker

360

18.90 (16.53–21.52)

232

19.79 (16.44–23.14)

214

13.98 (12.19–15.99)

Alcohol consumption

 No

1350

48.49 (44.79–52.20)

962

47.89 (44.69–51.08)

1292

69.35 (65.69–72.79)

 Yes

1026

51.51 (47.80–55.21)

699

52.11 (48.92–55.31)

442

30.65 (27.21–34.31)

Chronic disease

 No

1834

84.56 (82.33–86.55)

1222

79.46 (76.74–81.94)

1268

76.13 (73.75–78.35)

 Yes

533

15.44 (13.45–17.67)

439

20.54 (18.06–23.26)

464

23.87 (21.65–26.25)

Health Insurance

 No

1584

63.07 (58.80–67.16)

1126

64.60 (59.07–69.76)

1108

61.00 (56.79–65.05)

 Yes

772

36.93 (32.84–41.20)

536

35.40 (30.24–40.93)

622

39.00 (34.95–43.21)

  1. *Analyzes considered complex sample design for representativeness of the population of São Paulo
  2. **Individuals interviewed in the sample. Exclusion of individuals with missing information
  3. ***CI 95% = Confidence Interval 95%. Confidence intervals do not overlap, i.e., there is (at least) 95% confidence that values are not equal in the population
  4. MW = minimum wage