Table 2 Inequities in the utilization of antenatal care by different maternal characteristics
| Â | Q1 (%) Poorest | Q2 (%) | Q3 (%) | Q4 (%) | Q5 (%) richest | Concentration Index (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
At least one antenatal visit | ||||||
 Age | ||||||
  <  20 years | 2.8 | 5.6 | 4.0 | 3.3 | 2.0 | 0.04 (0.001,0.079)* |
  20–34 years | 71.7 | 72.2 | 73.8 | 75.3 | 78.4 | 0.01 (0.002,0.018)* |
  ≥ 35 years | 25.5 | 22.2 | 22.2 | 21.4 | 19.6 | 0.01 (-0.002,0.022) |
 Education | ||||||
  No formal school | 12.4 | 8.3 | 4.0 | 2.7 | 1.3 | 0.02 (0.001,0.040)* |
  Primary school | 57.2 | 43.1 | 28.2 | 17.3 | 19.0 | 0.01 (-0.002,0.023) |
  Middle school or above | 30.4 | 48.6 | 67.8 | 80.0 | 79.7 | 0.01 (-0.002,0.010) |
 No. of births | ||||||
  1–2 | 62.1 | 72.9 | 71.1 | 82.7 | 85.0 | 0.01 (0.006,0.014)* |
  > 2 | 37.9 | 27.1 | 28.9 | 17.3 | 15.0 | 0.01 (0.001,0.020)* |
Early initiation of antenatal care | ||||||
 Age |  |  |  |  |  |  |
  <  20 years | 3.1 | 13.9 | 0.0 | 4.2 | 0.0 | 0.07 (−0.087,0.227) |
  20–34 years | 78.1 | 60.5 | 78.3 | 83.0 | 76.8 | 0.00 (−0.074,0.082) |
  ≥ 35 years | 18.8 | 25.6 | 21.7 | 12.8 | 23.2 | 0.00 (− 0.080,0.076) |
 Education | ||||||
  No formal school | 9.4 | 11.6 | 2.2 | 4.3 | 1.8 | 0.00 (− 0.075,0.081) |
  Primary school | 60.9 | 41.9 | 32.6 | 23.4 | 12.5 | 0.02 (−0.039,0.079) |
  Middle school and above | 29.7 | 46.5 | 65.2 | 72.3 | 85.7 | −0.01 (− 0.069,0.049) |
 No. of births | ||||||
  1–2 | 68.8 | 76.7 | 76.1 | 89.4 | 92.9 | 0.00 (−0.057,0.061) |
  > 2 | 31.2 | 23.3 | 23.9 | 10.6 | 7.1 | 0.02 (0.001,0.040)* |
At least four antenatal visits | ||||||
 Age | ||||||
  <  20 years | 1.8 | 6.7 | 4.0 | 3.2 | 2.3 | 0.04 (−0.019,0.099) |
  20–34 years | 74.3 | 73.3 | 72.8 | 76.6 | 78.2 | 0.01 (-0.004,0.024) |
  ≥ 35 years | 23.9 | 20.0 | 23.2 | 20.2 | 19.5 | 0.02 (−0.019,0.059) |
 Education | ||||||
  No formal school | 13.3 | 7.6 | 1.6 | 2.4 | 0.8 | −0.04 (−0.138,0.058) |
  Primary school | 55.7 | 39.1 | 25.6 | 24.2 | 18.0 | 0.01 (−0.029,0.049) |
  Middle school or above | 31.0 | 53.3 | 72.8 | 81.4 | 81.2 | 0.01 (−0.009,0.030) |
 No. of births | ||||||
  1–2 | 64.6 | 74.3 | 74.4 | 87.9 | 85.0 | 0.02 (0.001,0.040)* |
  > 2 | 35.4 | 25.7 | 25.6 | 12.1 | 15.0 | 0.00 (−0.057,0.061) |