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Table 3 Distribution of GHS by income quintile across different service types (rural populations)

From: Estimating benefit equity of government health subsidy in healthcare Services in Shandong Province, China: a cross-sectional study

Income quintiles

Per capita household expenditure

Primary health care

Outpatient care

Inpatient care

Total

Lowest quintile

3.67%

23.95%

17.34%

16.87%

21.18%

2

10.97%

23.76%

12.12%

13.80%

19.86%

3

17.51%

18.06%

22.17%

15.50%

17.06%

4

23.88%

16.12%

17.48%

15.07%

15.71%

Highest quintile

43.97%

18.12%

30.89%

38.76%

26.18%

Gini/CI (SE)

0.4(0.03)

− 0.079a(0.03)

0.137a(0.06)

0.203a(0.04)

0.032a(0.03)

Kakwani index

 

−0.479

− 0.263

− 0.197

−0.368

-against45°line

 

None

D

D

None

-against Lorenz curve

 

D+

None

None

None

  1. Note: asignificant at 0.05
  2. “None” indicates failure to reject the null hypothesis that curves are indistinguishable at the 5% significance level
  3. D+/D- indicates pro-poor/ pro-rich