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Table 2 Distribution of GHS by income quintile across different service types (urban populations)

From: Estimating benefit equity of government health subsidy in healthcare Services in Shandong Province, China: a cross-sectional study

Income quintiles

Per capita household expenditure

Primary health care

Outpatient care

Inpatient care

Total

Lowest quintile

5.65%

27.37%

13.75%

14.80%

20.97%

2

11.87%

20.58%

14.09%

15.69%

18.09%

3

17.37%

19.22%

20.27%

15.96%

17.57%

4

23.41%

22.42%

24.05%

21.22%

21.81%

Highest quintile

41.70%

10.41%

27.84%

32.33%

21.56%

Gini/CI (SE)

0.359(0.01)

-0.117a(0.05)

0.167a(0.04)

0.189a(0.03)

0.04(0.03)

Kakwani index

 

−0.476

−0.192

− 0.17

− 0.319

Dominance test

     

-against45°line

 

D+

D

D

None

-against Lorenz curve

 

D+

D+

None

D+

  1. Note: asignificant at 0.05
  2. “None” indicates failure to reject the null hypothesis that curves are indistinguishable at the 5% significance level
  3. D+/D- indicates pro-poor/ pro-rich