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Table 4 Results from interrupted time series analysis predicting trends in home-based facility deliveries following 2004, 2007, and 2013 user fee policy shifts

From: Assessing the community-level impact of a decade of user fee policy shifts on health facility deliveries in Kenya, 2003-2014

Indicator

Bottom two quintiles

Top two quintiles

Rural women

Urban women

Estimate

(95% CI)

p-value

Estimate

(95% CI)

p-value

Estimate

(95% CI)

p-value

Estimate

(95% CI)

p-value

Pre-policy trend (β 1 )

−0.003

(− 0.006; 0.001)

0.111

− 0.001

(− 0.003; 0.002)

0.585

− 0.001

(− 0.004; 0.002)

0.567

− 0.002

(− 0.006; 0.002)

0.287

2004 policy

 Change in level (β 2 )

0.111

(0.028; 0.194)

0.009

−0.004

(− 0.054; 0.045)

0.865

0.048

(− 0.025; 0.122)

0.193

0.017

(− 0.066; 0.100)

0.683

 Change in trend (β 3 )

−0.006

(− 0.017; 0.004)

0.233

0.001

(− 0.006; 0.007)

0.821

− 0.004

(− 0.014; 0.005)

0.372

− 0.001

(− 0.012; 0.010)

0.898

 Predicted trend

− 0.009

(− 0.019; 0.001)

0.075

0.000

(− 0.006; 0.006)

0.962

− 0.005

(− 0.014; 0.004)

0.256

− 0.003

(− 0.013; 0.008)

0.592

2007 policy

 Change in level (β 2 )

0.031

(− 0.058; 0.120)

0.490

−0.064

(− 0.117; − 0.011)

0.019

0.001

(− 0.077; 0.079)

0.977

− 0.027

(− 0.115; 0.061)

0.547

 Change in trend (β 3 )

0.003

(− 0.008; 0.013)

0.641

−0.007

(− 0.013; − 0.001)

0.037

0.000

(− 0.009; 0.010)

0.947

0.003

(− 0.008; 0.014)

0.604

 Predicted trend

− 0.007

(− 0.010; − 0.003)

0.001

− 0.007

(− 0.000; − 0.005)

0.000

− 0.005

(− 0.008; − 0.002)

0.003

−0.000

(− 0.004; 0.004)

0.938

2013 policy

 Change in level (β 2 )

−0.016

(− 0.122; 0.090)

0.760

− 0.016

(− 0.082; 0.051)

0.640

−0.016

(− 0.113; 0.081)

0.743

−0.062

(− 0.161; 0.036)

0.211

 Change in trend (β 3 )

0.011

(−0.027; 0.049)

0.572

0.010

(−0.014; 0.035)

0.393

0.006

(−0.030; 0.041)

0.750

−0.005

(− 0.040; 0.030)

0.775

 Predicted trend

0.004

(−0.034; 0.042)

0.829

0.004

(−0.020; 0.028)

0.755

−0.001

(− 0.034; 0.036)

0.962

−0.005

(− 0.040; 0.030)

0.779

Constant (β 0 )

0.799

(0.748; 0.849)

0.000

0.344

(0.314; 0.374)

0.000

0.673

(0.628; 0.717)

0.000

0.338

(0.283; 0.392)

0.000

Number of observations

66

 

65

 

65

 

65

 
  1. p-values in bold italics are statistically significant at p < 0.01 or p < 0.05