From: Referral patterns, delays, and equity in access to advanced paediatric emergency care in Vietnam
 | Pneumonia (N = 132) | Diarrhoea (N = 53) | Other illnesses (N = 372) | p-value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mean time from recognition of illness to seeking care outside the home (days) (SD) | 6.1 days (5.8) | 4.1 days (4.4) | 3.2 days (4.9) | p = .000 |
Days delayed care seeking |  |  |  | p = .000 |
 Less than 24 h | 3 (2.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 83 (22.3%) |  |
 24–48 h | 19 (14.4%) | 14 (26.4%) | 113 (30.4%) |  |
 48–72 h | 13 (9.9%) | 12 (22.7%) | 40 (10.7%) |  |
 3–7 days | 61 (46.2%) | 20 (37.7%) | 100 (26.9%) |  |
 More than one week | 36 (27.3%) | 7 (13.2%) | 36 (9.7%) |  |
Referred to VNCH from any lower-level facility | 55 (41.7%) | 9 (17.0%) | 147 (39.6%) | p = .004 |
Transferred in ambulance if referred (N = 211) | 38 (69.1%) | 5 (55.6%) | 79 (53.7%) | p = .143 |
Acuity on arrival |  |  |  | p = .000 |
 ESI 1 | 17 (12.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | 42 (11.3%) |  |
 ESI 2 | 59 (44.7%) | 14 (26.4%) | 91 (24.5%) |  |
 ESI 3 | 56 (42.3%) | 39 (73.6%) | 239 (64.3%) |  |
Admitted to an ICU | 12 (9.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 37 (10.0%) | p = .057 |
Died in hospital | 3 (2.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 12 (3.2%) | p = .376 |