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Table 6 Coefficients from multinomial logit regression models for weight status among men, 2008–2012 (N = 7109)

From: Slender women and overweight men: gender differences in the educational gradient in body weight in South Korea

Characteristic

Model 1a Under-weight

Over-weight

Obesity

Model 2a Under-weight

Over-weight

Obesity

Model 3a Under-weight

Over-weight

Obesity

Model 4a Under-weight

Over-weight

Obesity

Educational attainment (middle school or less)b

 High school

−0.16

0.01

0.34**

−0.15

0.14

0.29*

−0.03

0.06

0.20

−0.05

0.05

0.18

(0.24)

(0.09)

(0.13)

(0.26)

(0.10)

(0.14)

(0.27)

(0.10)

(0.15)

(0.27)

(0.10)

(0.15)

 College and above

−0.22

0.12

0.42**

−0.22

0.28**

0.34*

0.03

0.08

0.13

0.02

0.08

0.11

(0.24)

(0.08)

(0.13)

(0.29)

(0.10)

(0.16)

(0.30)

(0.11)

(0.17)

(0.30)

(0.11)

(0.18)

Household income (logged)

      

−0.14

0.12**

0.10

−0.11

0.12**

0.10

      

(0.07)

(0.04)

(0.06)

(0.07)

(0.04)

(0.06)

Occupational status (manual worker)

 Professional

      

−0.30

0.31**

0.32*

−0.26

0.29**

0.26

      

(0.30)

(0.10)

(0.14)

(0.30)

(0.10)

(0.14)

 Clerical/service/sales

      

−0.48

0.21*

0.25*

−0.46

0.19*

0.20

      

(0.27)

(0.09)

(0.12)

(0.27)

(0.09)

(0.13)

 Not in the labor force

      

0.22

0.05

−0.22

0.18

0.10

−0.12

      

(0.27)

(0.11)

(0.17)

(0.27)

(0.11)

(0.17)

Marital status (married)

 Single

   

0.16

−0.35**

−0.34*

−0.08

−0.26*

−0.19

−0.02

−0.25

−0.18

   

(0.29)

(0.10)

(0.14)

(0.31)

(0.11)

(0.14)

(0.31)

(0.11)

(0.15)

 Separated/divorced/widowed

   

0.41

0.01

−0.03

0.18

0.12

0.12

0.25

0.08

−0.02

   

(0.41)

(0.16)

(0.24)

(0.44)

(0.16)

(0.25)

(0.45)

(0.16)

(0.25)

Health behaviors

 Hours of sleep

         

0.02

−0.09*

−0.25**

         

(0.10)

(0.03)

(0.05)

 Smoking (current smoker)

  Non smoker

         

−0.62*

0.03

0.07

         

(0.29)

(0.09)

(0.13)

  Former smoker

         

−0.08

0.25**

0.09

         

(0.31)

(0.09)

(0.14)

 Drinking (Never)

  Light drinker

         

0.22

−0.10

−0.16

         

(0.33)

(0.12)

(0.18)

  Light and frequent drinker

         

0.06

−0.16

−0.55**

         

(0.33)

(0.12)

(0.19)

  Moderate drinker

         

−0.19

0.19

0.01

         

(0.34)

(0.12)

(0.18)

  Heavy drinker (60–80 g ethanol/a day)

         

−0.49

0.12

0.00

         

(0.37)

(0.12)

(0.18)

  Binge drinker (> 80 g ethanol/a day)

         

−0.66

0.42**

0.71**

         

(0.38)

(0.12)

(0.17)

Constant

−2.44**

0.41**

−1.16**

−0.99

−0.05

−0.14

0.24

−1.08**

−1.03

0.30

−0.59

0.44

(0.19)

(0.07)

(0.11)

(0.72)

(0.25)

(0.36)

(0.96)

(0.40)

(0.59)

(1.23)

(0.48)

(0.72)

  1. p-value ** < 0.01; * < 0.05. Age, survey year, self-reported health, region of residence, and parental education are controlled for in models 2–4. Robust standard errors are in parentheses.
  2. aNormal weight is a reference outcome.
  3. bOmitted categories are shown in parentheses