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Table 3 Association between socioeconomic factors with the rate of ACSC and ACSC related-costs in Portugal, 2000–2014

From: “Evolution and financial cost of socioeconomic inequalities in ambulatory care sensitive conditions: an ecological study for Portugal, 2000–2014”

  

MODEL I

MODEL II

  

Rate of ACSC

ACSC related costs

  

β

(95% CI)

β

(95% CI)

Trend

 

0,23***

(0,19; 0,27)

0,53***

(0,43; 0,63)

SE indicators

 Illiteracy

1 (least deprived)

    

2

1,32***

(0,59; 2,08)

2,37**

(0,28; 4,47)

3

1,10**

(0,04; 2,16)

2,47*

(−0,46; 5,40)

4

1.97***

(0,59; 3,34)

4,04**

(0.24; 7.83)

5 (most deprived)

1,59*

(−0.01; 3,18)

2.47

(−1.94; 6.88)

 Purchasing power

1 (most deprived)

    

2

0.00

(−0,46; 0,46)

−0.56

(−1,83; 0,72)

3

−0.86***

(−1,46; −0,27)

−3,07***

(−4.71; −1,43)

4

−1,21***

(−1,92; −0,50)

−4,34***

(−6,30; −2,39)

5 (least deprived)

−1,19***

(−2,08; −0,30)

−4,69***

(−7,15; −2,22)

Confounders

 Proportion of elderly (≥ 65 years)

0.04

(−0.06; 0.15)

0.23

(−0.07; 0.52)

 Proportion of males

−0.01

(−0.33; 0.31)

0.80*

(−0.09; 1.68)

 Diabetes mortality rate per 1000 inhabitants

0.26*

(−0.03; 0.54)

1.07***

(0.29; 1.86)

 COPD mortality rate per 1000 inhabitants

1.01***

(0.83; 1.20)

2.61***

(2.10; 3.11)

 Heart disease mortality rate per 1000 inhabitants

0.33***

(0.12; 0.53)

1.23***

(0.66; 1.80)

 Population density (N.°/km2)

−0.00

(−0.00; 0.00)

−0.00

(−0.01; 0.00)

 Primary care physicians per 1000 inhabitants

−1.29***

(−1.97; −0.60)

−3.08***

(−4.97; −1.19)

  1. ***p < 0.01; **p < 0.05; *p < 0.1
  2. R2 overall of MODEL I = 0.14
  3. R2 overall of MODEL II = 0.12