The psychological problems and related influential factors of left-behind adolescents (LBA) in Hunan, China: a cross sectional study

Table 1 Comparison of psychological problems of LBA with different Socio-economic indicators

Variables	Group	Number	%	Mean \( \left(\overline{X}\right) \)	SD (S)	F	P
Age	12	42	3.2	2.04	0.57	3.516	0.004
	13	224	17.1	2.06	0.54
	14	373	28.5	2.22	0.59
	15	413	31.6	2.21	0.55
	16	240	18.3	2.20	0.52
	17	17	1.3	2.25	0.51
Gender	Male	661	50.5	2.16	0.54	0.911	0.340
Gender	Female	648	49.5	2.20	0.57	0.911	0.340
Grade	Grade 7	405	30.9	2.08	0.56	10.070	<0.001
	Grade 8	419	32.0	2.26	0.57
	Grade 9	485	37.1	2.20	0.53
Parents out for work	Only father out for work	458	35.0	2.17	0.55	0.157	0.855
	Only mother out for work	118	9.0	2.19	0.56
	Both parents out for work	733	56.0	2.19	0.56
Father’s education	1-6 year	297	22.7	2.23	0.55	2.621	0.049
	7-9 year	763	58.3	2.14	0.55
	10-12 year	240	18.3	2.23	0.58
	>12 year	9	.7	2.10	0.41
Mother’s education	1-6 year	499	38.1	2.21	0.55	0.631	0.595
	7-9 year	681	52.0	2.16	0.55
	10-12 year	123	9.4	2.17	0.60
	>12 year	6	.5	2.31	0.63
Father’s job	worker	481	36.7	2.16	0.57	0.733	0.569
	farmer	595	45.5	2.20	0.53
	intelligentsia	13	1.0	2.35	0.55
	government officer	17	1.3	2.21	0.77
	others	203	15.5	2.18	0.60
Mother’s job	worker	279	21.3	2.13	0.58	1.831	0.120
	farmer	796	60.8	2.20	0.54
	intelligentsia	23	1.8	2.04	0.58
	government officer	7	.5	1.88	0.65
	others	204	15.6	2.22	0.60
frequency of communication with parents	Never	34	2.6	2.22	0.55	0.171	0.953
	Once everyday	116	8.9	2.15	0.62
	once within in week	367	28.0	2.18	0.53
	once in a week to a month	171	13.1	2.17	0.53
	Unset frequency	621	47.4	2.19	0.57
Relation with caregivers	Father	85	6.5	2.14	0.58	0.415	0.913
	Mother	437	33.4	2.17	0.54
	grandparents	565	43.2	2.18	0.56
	grandparents in law	142	10.8	2.20	0.58
	Uncles	27	2.1	2.20	0.56
	Aunts	40	3.1	2.20	0.50
	Brothers or sisters	7	.5	2.20	0.49
	Themselves	6	.5	2.38	0.96

Note: ANOVA analysis was used to compare the mean score of psychological problems among different groups of LBA

ISSN: 1475-9276