Factors contributing to regional inequalities in acute respiratory infections symptoms among under-five children in Nigeria: a decomposition analysis

Adesanya, Oluwafunmilade A.; Darboe, Amadou; Mendez Rojas, Bomar; Abiodun, Deji Emmanuel; Beogo, Idrissa

doi:10.1186/s12939-017-0626-7

International Journal for Equity in Health

Table 5 Descriptive statistics of ARI symptoms prevalence by region, DHS 2003, 2008 and 2013 Nigeria

From: Factors contributing to regional inequalities in acute respiratory infections symptoms among under-five children in Nigeria: a decomposition analysis

	North West			North East			North Central			South East			South South			South West
Variables	2003 N = 1517%wt^a	2008 N = 6772%wt^a	2013 N = 8760%wt^a	2003 N = 1234%wt^a	2008 N = 5699%wt^a	2013 N = 5856%wt^a	2003 N = 893%wt^a	2008 N = 4505%wt^a	2013 N = 4286%wt^a	2003 N = 460%wt^a	2008 N = 2160%wt^a	2013 N = 2553%wt^a	2003 N = 482%wt^a	2008 N = 2979%wt^a	2013 N = 3498%wt^a	2003 N = 573%wt^a	2008 N = 3084%wt^a	2013 N = 3643%wt^a
Child’s gender (female)
Female	8.52	2.20	0.76	17.10	7.33	5.48	5.72	1.03	2.37	7.65	1.80	1.92	11.4	3.00	1.83	6.55	0.90	0.70
Male	9.19	1.62	0.96	15.42	7.76	4.76	7.79	1.51	1.76	4.70	1.75	2.19	13.14	3.97	1.65	6.99	1.14	0.90
Child’s age (months)
0–5	14.68	1.80	0.46	18.99	4.78	4.93	6.88	1.43	1.23	4.36	1.51	1.84	13.53	2.48	0.82	2.47	0.69	0.00
6–11	12.59	2.06	0.95	28.62	10.41	7.00	9.85	1.83	3.28	11.77	2.44	4.62	21.69	3.40	2.36	6.35	0.98	1.92
12–23	11.80	2.65	1.28	13.96	10.10	7.68	8.84	1.94	4.21	12.11	2.94	3.44	13.13	4.96	2.98	9.05	1.39	0.94
24–35	9.87	2.17	1.11	16.94	7.37	5.25	6.44	1.05	1.88	4.15	1.38	1.72	9.07	4.96	2.07	5.06	1.72	1.21
36–59	3.49	1.37	0.61	11.99	6.46	3.26	4.59	1.15	0.96	3.91	1.22	0.65	9.95	2.32	0.90	8.31	0.63	0.42
Birth order and interval
1st birth	10.74	1.92	0.71	18.79	6.59	3.39	7.06	1.16	2.09	4.02	2.17	2.76	17.32	3.75	2.39	4.44	1.34	0.88
2 to 4 and short	9.83	1.10	0.65	19.13	7.96	4.68	9.81	1.23	1.36	1.32	1.10	1.10	14.01	1.44	0.15	7.55	0.36	3.05
2 to 4 and long	9.82	2.15	1.02	14.89	6.05	4.44	4.36	1.27	2.29	9.78	2.00	1.70	12.04	3.48	2.02	6.44	1.28	0.54
5 to + and short	2.38	2.77	0.89	17.89	8.56	6.37	1.94	2.71	2.17	7.51	0.88	3.02	23.97	5.59	0.39	9.88	0.66	0.00
5 to + and long	8.25	1.67	0.82	14.51	9.04	6.56	9.47	1.49	1.91	8.76	1.91	2.29	5.53	3.77	1.67	10.53	0.20	0.91
Height/Age (chronic)
Deficit	7.65	1.98	0.85	12.50	8.70	5.95	6.11	1.48	1.81	5.62	1.29	0.63	22.63	5.57	3.93	6.36	1.57	1.20
Normal	10.33	1.98	0.80	19.75	6.66	5.05	8.71	1.55	2.18	6.94	1.48	2.53	10.92	3.58	1.45	6.68	1.01	0.77
Above normal	16.09	1.43	3.06	28.44	10.76	1.10	9.47	0.40	2.22	3.40	4.54	0.41	11.71	3.58	0.41	0.00	0.00	0.00
Received BCG
Yes	8.14	2.56	0.72	18.16	6.10	5.62	8.35	1.60	2.07	6.40	1.96	2.08	11.33	3.17	1.80	6.12	1.02	0.87
No	9.15	1.71	0.90	15.77	8.04	4.85	4.14	1.13	2.00	6.42	1.02	1.99	15.34	4.56	1.48	11.23	1.09	0.51
Don’t know	8.89	0.00	0.00	0.00	17.33	8.40	26.06	0.00	7.72	5.06	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00
Child has health Card
No	8.55	1.88	0.86	15.84	8.31	4.65	5.37	1.73	2.17	4.99	1.25	1.89	17.30	5.15	1.93	9.50	1.43	0.92
Yes (seen/no seen)	10.60	2.04	0.81	17.24	5.62	5.89	7.88	1.09	1.83	6.53	1.94	2.11	9.16	3.03	1.78	5.25	0.96	0.78
No longer has card	10.68	2.30	1.77	13.98	7.00	6.92	7.71	1.41	3.81	3.59	0.00	0.00	8.15	0.40	0.48	19.18	0.85	0.00
Household Characteristics
Cooking methods
Kerosene	12.95	1.93	0.16	13.71	15.91	4.39	3.24	0.39	0.65	4.44	1.29	0.67	14.51	2.78	1.57	4.83	1.05	0.59
Biomass	8.46	1.93	0.92	16.45	7.32	5.20	7.35	1.56	2.34	9.41	2.03	2.75	12.60	4.09	1.71	10.61	1.05	1.44
Others	2.85	0.00	0.00	4.46	9.96	1.88	3.16	0.00	0.79	4.41	0.00	0.00	0.00	0.00	2.75	11.97	0.00	0.00
Maternal education
No education	8.99	2.09	0.95	15.18	7.73	5.03	7.37	1.32	0.86	16.26	3.29	5.33	14.20	0.96	0.86	11.59	2.16	0.11
Primary	9.49	1.26	0.58	16.06	8.07	6.03	7.52	1.53	3.01	6.43	2.07	1.04	17.72	4.44	1.38	8.19	0.60	1.46
Secondary	7.98	1.51	0.65	22.93	4..39	4.98	5.15	1.31	3.49	6.03	1.45	2.24	7.79	3.57	1.70	5.41	1.11	0.86
Higher	4.49	0.00	0.00	21.09	12.66	2.92	0.00	1.46	0.34	1.65	1.49	2.27	8.75	1.04	3.40	2.34	0.36	0.00
Household wealth index
Poorest	8.46	2.14	1.05	13.44	7.26	4.70	7.31	1.02	0.97	16.11	2.00	0.46	13.61	8.54	0.00	13.79	0.69	0.58
Poorer	10.45	2.40	1.18	19.78	9.00	6.42	3.89	1.97	4.28	8.74	3.29	3.78	14.25	4.59	2.68	11.77	1.19	0.66
Middle	9.44	1.21	0.52	17.72	6.25	5.46	8.50	1.54	2.11	7.69	2.54	3.27	18.44	3.12	1.59	10.75	1.68	0.74
Richer	6.43	1.07	0.25	16.57	7.93	4.03	8.44	1.33	0.79	3.81	0.86	2.14	10.78	3.36	1.54	6.04	1.09	0.92
Richest	8.78	1.71	0.00	11.43	5.85	2.98	3.30	0.68	1.06	4.67	1.47	0.58	7.34	1.91	1.77	4.80	0.79	0.79
Type of residence
Urban	8.69	1.32	0.36	14.69	7.56	4.16	4.42	1.03	1.23	4.09	1.67	2.19	6.77	2.76	2.02	4.33	0.95	0.70
Rural	8.93	2.04	1.01	16.75	7.54	5.43	7.40	1.51	2.31	8.59	1.86	1.76	14.13	3.78	1.59	12.28	1.11	1.07
Outcome measure
Symptoms of ARI	8.9	1.9	0.9	16.2	7.5	5.1	6.8	1.4	2.06	6.4	1.8	2.1	12.2	3.5	1.7	6.8	1.0	0.8

^aWeighted percentages and means are reported. Percentages may not add up to 100 due to rounding

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