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Table 3 Prevalence of individual adverse childhood experiences and ACE scores in KSA by gender*

From: Gender-based disparities in the impact of adverse childhood experiences on adult health: findings from a national study in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Adverse childhood experiences

Men

Women

Total

N (%)

N (%)

N (%)

1. Emotional/psychological abuse

1135 (21)

836 (17)

1974 (19)

2. Physical abuse

859 (16)

513 (11)

1374 (13)

3. Sexual abuse

861 (16)

552 (11)

1414 (14)

4. Neglect (physical/medical/general)†

707 (13)

643 (13)

1357 (13)

5. Household member alcoholic/drug user

597 (12)

347 (7)

945 (10)

6. Household member had depression/mental illness/suicidal

468 (9)

512 (11)

983 (10)

7. Household member was incarcerated

611 (12)

476 (10)

1089 (11)

8. Parents divorced/separated/died

1141 (21)

1236 (25)

2382 (23)

9. Domestic violence in household

2611 (49)

2187 (45)

4808 (47)

10. Lack of protection and supervision

1683 (32)

1679 (35)

3368 (33)

11. Peer violence

1493 (28)

714 (15)

2209 (22)

12. Community violence

1090 (21)

697 (14)

1791 (18)

13. Collective violence

1298 (25)

731 (15)

2031 (20)

ACE score

 0/no exposure

961 (18)

1089 (22)

2054 (20)

 1

1154 (21)

1204 (25)

2315 (23)

 2

833 (16)

876 (18)

1763 (17)

 3

586 (11)

488 (10)

1077 (11)

 4+

1751 (33)

1193 (25)

2947 (29)

  1. *Percentages may not add to 100 due to missing data
  2. †P values were <0.05 for all except for neglect