Table 4 Malmquist productivity index and its decomposition by region, 2011 to 2015

Southern zone

 Malmquist index

1.0413

1.0407

0.9505

1.0254

0.9753

 Technological change

1.6361

0.9842

0.9154

1.7720

0.9736

 Change in efficiency

0.6174

1.0258

1.0072

0.5612

0.9717

 Change in scale efficiency

0.8666

1.0069

0.9588

0.9382

0.8732

 Change in pure technical efficiency

0.6911

0.9881

1.0190

0.5803

1.0795

 Sample size

25

25

25

25

25

Middle-Zone malmquist index

1.1560

0.9762

0.9701

1.0835

1.0293

 Technological CHANGE

1.7126

1.0583

0.8580

1.8847

0.9144

 Change in efficiency

0.6548

0.8948

1.0968

0.5577

1.0919

 Change in scale efficiency

0.8811

0.9693

1.0048

0.8218

1.0045

 Change in pure technical efficiency

0.7209

0.8954

1.0588

0.6582

1.0543

 Sample size

25

25

25

25

25

Northern-zone malmquist index

1.2793

1.0112

1.0194

1.1683

1.0042

 Technological change

1.6337

1.0316

0.9107

1.8070

0.9098

 Change in efficiency

0.7596

0.9508

1.0858

0.6271

1.0708

 Change in scale efficiency

0.8465

0.9449

1.0369

0.8472

0.9307

 Change in pure technical efficiency

0.8705

0.9760

1.0157

0.7181

1.1160

 Sample size

25

25

25

25

25