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Table 2 Mixed logistic estimations of children mental health

From: Influence maternal background has on children’s mental health

 

Emotional symptoms

Behaviour problems

Hyperactivity

Peer problems

Antisocial behaviour

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

OR (95% CI)

Health variables

 SRH (very good and good)

  Fair, bad and very bad SRH

0.92 (0.74–1.14)

0.94 (0.79–1.14)

1.10 (0.92–1.32)

1.07 (0.86–1.34)

0.83 (0.59–1.16)

 Depression

1.20* (0.92–1.57)

1.25* (0.99–1.59)

1.14 (0.90–1.45)

1.18 (0.88–1.57)

0.63* (0.39–1.04)

 Tranquilizer prescription(s)

1.18 (0.86–1.62)

0.95 (0.72–1.27)

0.88 (0.66–1.17)

1.04 (0.75–1.46)

1.25 (0.75–2.10)

 Antidepressant prescription(s)

1.23 (0.83–1.82)

0.99 (0.69–1.42)

0.99 (0.69–1.42)

1.41* (0.93–2.12)

1.28 (0.63–2.60)

 Mental health index

1.16** (1.12–1.20)

1.09** (1.06–1.13)

1.07** (1.04–1.11)

1.08** (1.04–1.12)

0.96 (0.90–1.03)

 Smoker (yes)

  Yes, occasionally

1.10 (0.68–1.79)

0.90 (0.59–1.37)

0.56** (0.36–0.88)

1.25 (0.76–2.05)

0.83 (0.38–1.80)

  In the past

0.83* (0.65–1.07)

0.80** (0.65–0.99)

0.85* (0.69–1.04)

0.96 (0.74–1.26)

1.02 (0.70–1.50)

  No

0.79** (0.64–0.96)

0.65** (0.55–0.77)

0.75** (0.64–0.89)

0.83* (0.67–1.03)

1.11 (0.83–1.50)

 Sleep (<=8 h)

1.11 (0.81–1.51)

1.08 (0.83–1.40)

0.99 (0.76–1.29)

1.04 (0.75–1.45)

0.51** (0.29–0.91)

 Physical activity (sitting)

  Standing

1.33** (1.05–1.68)

0.98 (0.81–1.20)

1.13 (0.93–1.36)

0.99 (0.78–1.28)

1.13 (0.80–1.60)

  Walking and carrying

1.26* (0.92–1.73)

0.95 (0.73–1.24)

1.16 (0.89–1.51)

1.41** (1.02–1.94)

1.05 (0.65–1.71)

  Heavy tasks

1.51 (0.80–2.87)

1.79** (1.04–3.07)

0.99 (0.56–1.73)

1.68* (0.89–3.18)

0.49 (0.11–2.16)

 BMI (under and normal weight)

  Overweight

1.05 (0.83–1.33)

0.81** (0.66–0.99)

0.73** (0.60–0.89)

0.95 (0.74–1.22)

1.08 (0.76–1.55)

  Obese

0.83 (0.60–1.18)

0.71** (0.53–0.95)

0.75* (0.56–1.00)

1.11 (0.78–1.57)

1.41 (0.84–2.38)

 Weight perception (much more than normal)

  More than normal

0.90 (0.64–1.27)

0.85 (0.63–1.14)

0.91 (0.68–1.21)

0.90 (0.63–1.29)

1.22 (0.69–2.15)

  Normal

0.72* (0.50–1.04)

0.69** (0.50–0.95)

0.69** (0.50–0.95)

0.86 (0.58–1.26)

1.52* (0.83–2.79)

  Less than normal

0.75 (0.44–1.27)

0.79 (0.50–1.25)

0.97 (0.62–1.52)

0.99 (0.57–1.73)

1.95* (0.84–4.50)

Socioeconomic determinants

 Age (15–35 years old)

  36–45 years old

0.91 (0.72–1.15)

1.01 (0.83–1.23)

0.76** (0.63–0.93)

0.89 (0.70–1.13)

1.15 (0.81–1.63)

  46–55 years old

0.93 (0.67–1.29)

0.87 (0.66–1.15)

0.79* (0.60–1.03)

0.98 (0.70–1.38)

0.88 (0.53–1.46)

  56–65 years old

1.31 (0.20–8.69)

0.85 (0.16–4.62)

0.30 (0.03–2.53)

2.46 (0.44–1.38)

1.12 (0.11–15.81)

  66–75 years old

0.03 (2.4e-6–436)

0.02 (2.5e-6–183)

0.03 (2.4e-6–482)

0.16 (1.2e-6–2.1e4)

39.98 (0.01–118530)

   > 75 years old

0.19 (9.9e-7–3.65e4)

0.11 (1.7e-6–7129)

0.17 (1.2e-6–2.3e4)

0.19 (1.0e-7–3.3e4)

0.92 (5.9e-9–1.4e08)

 Nationality (Spanish)

  Foreign

0.84 (0.60–1.17)

0.82* (0.62–1.09)

0.81* (0.61–1.07)

1.70** (1.25–2.32)

0.80 (0.48–1.33)

  Foreign and Spanish

1.00 (0.51–1.96)

0.57* (0.30–1.10)

0.81 (0.44–1.49)

1.01 (0.50–2.04)

1.20 (0.43–3.37)

 Marital status (single)

  Married

0.81 (0.59–1.12)

0.83* (0.63–1.09)

0.79* (0.60–1.04)

0.69** (0.50–0.95)

0.98 (0.57–1.68)

  Widowed

0.69 (0.33–1.43)

0.74 (0.39–1.41)

0.37** (0.18–0.75)

0.93 (0.45–1.91)

0.80 (0.16–3.94)

  Separated

0.84 (0.52–1.33)

0.88 (0.59–1.32)

0.87 (0.58–1.31)

0.81 (0.50–1.31)

1.21 (0.54–2.70)

  Divorced

0.68* (0.42–1.08)

0.95 (0.64–1.41)

1.02 (0.69–1.51)

0.82 (0.52–1.31)

2.21** (1.04–4.72)

 Social class (Class I, II)

  Class III

1.02 (0.73–1.42)

1.09 (0.83–1.43)

1.24* (0.95–1.62)

0.75* (0.53–1.05)

1.78** (1.15–2.74)

  Class IV, V, VI

1.24 (0.91–1.69)

1.29** (1.00–1.66)

1.58** (1.23–2.02)

1.01 (0.74–1.37)

1.73** (1.13–2.63)

 Education (none)

  Primary

0.62* (0.38–1.02)

0.77 (0.49–1.20)

0.69* (0.44–1.07)

0.69* (0.42–1.14)

0.66 (0.33–1.31)

  Secondary

0.67* (0.39–1.13)

0.62* (0.40–1.03)

0.67* (0.42–1.06)

0.69* (0.40–1.17)

0.87 (0.42–1.80)

  Tertiary

0.59* (0.34–1.03)

0.53** (0.32–0.86)

0.58** (0.36–0.95)

0.75 (0.43–1.31)

1.02 (0.48–2.17)

 Current activity (working)

  Retired

0.38* (0.13–1.12)

1.10 (0.50–2.44)

0.98 (0.42–2.24)

0.39* (0.12–1.27)

0.02 (1.4e-5–22.64)

  Studying

1.17 (0.38–3.63)

0.73 (0.26–2.05)

2.27* (0.84–6.15)

0.70 (0.22–2.31)

0.02 (2.8e-6–161.3)

  Homemaker

0.76** (0.58–0.99)

0.75** (0.60–0.94)

0.76** (0.61–0.95)

1.04 (0.79–1.36)

1.11 (0.78–1.57)

  Unemployed short-term

0.95 (0.60–1.48)

0.88 (0.59–1.30)

1.27 (0.87–1.85)

0.94 (0.58–1.52)

0.99 (0.51–1.93)

  Unemployed long-term

0.91 (0.54–1.53)

0.69* (0.44–1.09)

0.78 (0.51–1.20)

0.89 (0.52–1.52)

0.77 (0.36–1.65)

 Person of reference

1.26* (0.99–1.60)

1.08 (0.88–1.33)

1.15* (0.94–1.41)

1.37** (1.07–1.76)

0.95 (0.66–1.36)

Household characteristics

 Number of minors in the household (<3)

  Three

0.83 (0.57–1.22)

1.16 (0.86–1.57)

0.98 (0.72–1.34)

0.94 (0.64–1.37)

1.64** (1.02–2.63)

  More than three

1.21 (0.52–2.80)

1.58* (0.79–3.19)

1.51 (0.75–3.02)

1.00 (0.42–2.38)

0.60 (0.13–2.75)

 Number of adults in the household

  Single parent

0.99 (0.69–1.42)

1.04 (0.76–1.42)

0.93 (0.68–1.27)

0.70* (0.48–1.01)

0.51** (0.27–0.98)

  Between 3 and 4

0.99 (0.80–1.24)

1.00 (0.83–1.21)

1.13* (0.94–1.36)

1.11 (0.88–1.39)

1.42** (1.04–1.94)

  More than 4

0.90 (0.44–1.84)

1.02 (0.57–1.83)

1.09 (0.61–1.93)

1.16 (0.60–2.24)

1.03 (0.40–2.67)

Interactions

 period*retired

4.94* (0.61–39.97)

0.99 (0.16–6.14)

1.20 (0.17–8.57)

0.03 (2.5e-6–258)

43.59 (0.01–1.3e5)

 period*studying

0.07 (2.2e-6–2.4e3)

0.05 (2.4e-6–877)

1.28 (0.06–25.99)

0.23 (7.8e-7–6.6e4)

0.99 (3.2e-9–3e8)

 period*homemaker

1.36 (0.85–2.12)

1.25 (0.84–1.86)

2.03** (1.37–3.00)

0.90 (0.53–1.52)

1.26 (0.55–2.89)

 period*unempl short-term

1.11 (0.56–2.18)

0.95 (0.53–1.73)

0.84 (0.47–1.49)

2.00** (1.00–4.00)

2.23* (0.72–6.91)

 period*unempl long-term

0.91 (0.44–1.88)

1.74* (0.95–3.19)

1.67* (0.92–3.01)

1.64* (0.78–3.44)

2.27* (0.69–7.53)

 period*Class III

0.89 (0.49–1.62)

0.83 (0.50–1.38)

0.82 (0.50–1.34)

1.26 (0.65–2.43)

0.43* (0.15–1.22)

 period*Class IV,V,VI

0.70* (0.41–1.20)

0.79 (0.50–1.24)

0.68* (0.44–1.06)

0.87 (0.48–1.56)

0.31** (0.12–0.79)

 period*primary

1.23 (0.38–3.97)

0.85 (0.30–2.35)

1.51 (0.51–4.46)

0.73 (0.22–2.36)

0.20** (0.04–0.91)

 period*secondary

1.15 (0.35–3.84)

0.81 (0.29–2.31)

1.28 (0.43–3.87)

0.76 (0.23–2.56)

0.09** (0.02–0.48)

 period*tertiary

0.98 (0.28–3.40)

0.62 (0.21–1.83)

1.48 (0.48–4.56)

0.44 (0.13–1.57)

0.07** (0.01–0.40)

  1. *p < 0.1, **p < 0.05; The model is adjusted by all the covariates of the child and the explanatory variables