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Table 5 Negative binomial regression results on the use of infusion during outpatient visits in the past 2 weeks

From: The role of parental health care utilization in children’s unnecessary utilization in China: evidence from Shaanxi province

 

Whether or not children used infusion during outpatient visits (marginal effect reported)

 

(1) Full sample

(2) Age 0-5

(3) Age 6-11

(4) Age 12-18

 

dy/dx

S.E.

95% CI

dy/dx

S.E.

95% CI

dy/dx

S.E.

95% CI

dy/dx

S.E.

95% CI

Parents had outpatient visit

0.5701a

0.0518

0.4686

0.6716

0.6624a

0.0412

0.5817

0.7431

0.5447b

0.1527

0.2454

0.8441

0.3005

0.1874

−0.0668

0.6679

Per capita household expense

 Poor

0.1114

0.0713

−0.0284

0.2512

0.2073b

0.1036

0.0042

0.4104

0.1329

0.1337

−0.1291

0.3948

−0.172

0.1500

−0.4660

0.1221

 Average

0.0243

0.0734

−0.1194

0.1681

0.1086

0.1137

−0.1141

0.3314

−0.1129

0.1279

−0.3635

0.1377

−0.0308

0.1764

−0.3765

0.3150

 Rich

0.1145

0.0769

−0.0362

0.2652

0.1482

0.1089

−0.0651

0.3616

0.0696

0.1790

−0.2812

0.4204

0.1024

0.1816

−0.2535

0.4583

 Richest

0.2171a

0.0768

0.0665

0.3677

0.2940a

0.1061

0.0860

0.5020

0.4491a

0.1494

0.1564

0.7418

−0.2679a

0.1343

−0.5312

−0.0046

Children had insurance

0.0162

0.0798

−0.1402

0.1725

0.0134

0.0898

−0.1627

0.1895

0.2024

0.1986

−0.1869

0.5916

    

Children’s days of illness

0.0170a

0.0059

0.0054

0.0286

0.0270a

0.0090

0.0093

0.0447

0.0129

0.0119

−0.0104

0.0363

−0.0039

0.0126

−0.0287

0.0208

Children’s height (ln)

−0.3658b

0.1470

−0.6538

−0.0777

−0.3580b

0.1696

−0.6903

−0.0256

−0.2018

0.4052

−0.9959

0.5924

−3.1048a

1.0277

−5.1190

−1.0905

Children’s weight (ln)

0.1626b

0.0664

0.0324

0.2928

0.1033

0.0731

−0.0400

0.2465

0.2773

0.2061

−0.1267

0.6813

0.6444

0.4297

−0.1978

1.4866

Prenatal days of illness

−0.0136b

0.0057

−0.0247

−0.0024

−0.0252a

0.0083

−0.0415

−0.0089

−0.0112

0.0126

−0.0358

0.0134

−0.0036

0.0119

−0.0268

0.0197

Parental age

0.0030a

0.0017

−0.0003

0.0063

0.0047b

0.0022

0.0004

0.0089

−0.0059

0.0044

−0.0144

0.0027

0.0001

0.0071

−0.0139

0.0141

Children’s age

 3–5

−0.0299

0.0623

−0.1520

0.0923

−0.0079

0.0695

−0.1441

0.1284

        

 6–8

0.0261

0.0896

−0.1496

0.2018

            

 9–11

−0.0916

0.1032

−0.2939

0.1108

    

−0.1808a

0.0965

−0.3698

0.0083

    

 12–14

−0.0229

0.1298

−0.2774

0.2315

            

 15–18

0.0245

0.1472

−0.2639

0.3130

        

0.2925b

0.1142

0.0687

0.5162

Gender was male

0.0431

0.0402

−0.0356

0.1219

0.0601

0.0560

−0.0496

0.1698

−0.0191

0.0822

−0.1803

0.1421

0.0962

0.1042

−0.1229

0.2857

Ethnicity was Han

−0.1443

0.2482

−0.6308

0.3422

−0.0702

0.2942

−0.6468

0.5064

        

Urban

0.0476

0.0455

−0.0417

0.1368

0.0418

0.0623

−0.0803

0.1639

0.0186

0.0988

−0.1751

0.2123

0.0962

0.1209

−0.1409

0.3332

Region

 Guanzhong

−0.0127

0.0470

−0.1049

0.0795

−0.0106

0.0650

−0.1380

0.1167

−0.0644

0.0999

−0.2601

0.1313

−0.1179

0.1093

−0.3321

0.0963

 Shanbei

−0.0184

0.0603

−0.1366

0.0999

0.0066

0.0808

−0.1517

0.1650

−0.2344b

0.0960

−0.4225

−0.0463

0.0728

0.1741

−0.2685

0.4141

Family size

0.0267

0.0179

−0.0084

0.0618

0.0394

0.0256

−0.0108

0.0897

0.0853b

0.0357

0.0152

0.1553

−0.1122b

0.0497

−0.2096

−0.0148

No. of obs.

672

391

164

115

  1. Note: aStatistically significant at the 1% level, bstatistically significant at the 5% level, astatistically significant at the 10% level; S.E. robust standard errors; marginal effects instead of the original coefficients are reported to show the marginal change of the dependent variable given a one unit change in an explanatory variable. The reference groups were: “the poorest” for “per capita household expense”; “no” for “children had insurance”; “0–2” for “children’s age”; “female” for “gender was male”; “others” for “ethnicity was Han”; “rural” for “urban”; “Shannan” for “region”