Table 1 Descriptive statistic of the total study population (N = 9,668)

 Self-rated health

Good SRH

6,285

65.01

Poor SRH

3,383

34.99

 Gender

Female

4,724

48.86

Male

4,944

51.14

 Age group

18–29

1,161

12.01

30–39

1,645

17.01

40–49

2,119

21.92

50–59

1,911

19.77

60–69

1,635

16.91

70+

1,197

12.38

 Ethnicity

Other ethnic minorities

786

8.13

Han nationality

8,882

91.87

 Marital status

Divorced, separated, or widowed

970

10.03

Married

7,812

80.80

Single

886

9.16

 Residence

Rural

3,779

39.09

Urban

3,549

36.71

Suburban

2,340

24.20

 Regions

West

2,446

25.30

East

3,536

36.57

Middle

2,337

24.17

Northeast

1,349

13.95

 Education degree

Primary or no education

3,352

34.67

Secondary education

4,746

49.09

College or higher

1,570

16.24

 Work status

Not working

3,451

35.70

Non-farm work

4,024

41.62

Farm work

2,193

22.68

 Household Income (RMB/dollars)

≤¥9,999 (or ≤ $ 1,640)

980

10.14

¥10,000–49,999 (or $1,640–8,201)

4,399

45.50

¥50,000–99,999 (or $8,201–16,402)

2,867

29.65

≥¥100,000 (or ≥ $16,402)

1,422

14.71

 Self-rated social class

Low (score 1–3)

2,863

29.61

Middle (score 4–5)

6,056

62.64

High (score 6–10)

749

7.75

 Socio-economic status compared with peers

Lower

3,318

34.32

Higher

450

4.65

Similar

5,525

57.15

Hard to say

375

3.88

 BMI

Normal weight

6,698

69.28

Underweight

833

8.62

Over weight

1,911

19.77

Obese

226

2.34

 Physical activity

Inactive

6,775

70.08

Active

2,893

29.92

 Life satisfaction

Happy life

7,071

73.14

Unhappy life

852

8.81

Average

1,745

18.05

 Depression

Severe

770

7.96

Mild

1,937

20.04

Few or no

6,961

72.00

 Relations with families and friends

Good

5,029

52.02

Poor

1,293

13.37

Normal

3,346

34.61