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Table 1 Socioeconomic characteristics of households

From: Socioeconomic inequalities in catastrophic health expenditure and impoverishment associated with non-communicable diseases in urban Hanoi, Vietnam

 

Slum, n (%)

(N = 492)

Non-slum, n (%)

(N = 528)

P-Value

(χ2 test)

Household with members with self-reported NCDs

 Cardiovascular disease

48 (9.8)

109 (20.6)

<0.001

 Chronic pulmonary disease

34 (6.9)

33 (6.3)

0.67

 Diabetes

45 (9.2)

79 (15.0)

<0.01

 Cancer

11 (2.2)

11 (2.1)

0.87

 Any NCD (at least one member with NCDs)

116 (23.6)

191 (36.2)

<0.001

Household with female as household’s heads

239 (48.6)

255 (48.3)

0.93

Household size

 1–2 people

127 (25.8)

76 (14.4)

<0.001

 3–4 people

245 (49.8)

231 (43.8)

  ≥ 5 people

120 (24.4)

221 (41.9)

Household with at least one older people ≥60 years old

214 (43.5)

332 (62.9)

<0.001

Household with at least one child <6 years old

129 (26.2)

172 (32.6)

0.03

Household with all members owned social health insurance

223 (45.3)

329 (62.3)

<0.001

Household socioeconomic status (quintile)

 Poorest (20 %)

90 (18.3)

107 (20.3)

0.79

 Poor (20 %)

103 (20.9)

121 (22.9)

 Middle (20 %)

99 (20.1)

98 (18.6)

 Rich (20 %)

99 (20.1)

102 (19.3)

 Richest (20 %)

101 (20.5)

100 (18.9)

  1. NCDs non-communicable diseases