Socioeconomic inequalities in activities of daily living limitations and in the provision of informal and formal care for noninstitutionalized older Brazilians: National Health Survey, 2013

Table 1 Socio-demographic characteristics of the study sample, by years of education (National Health Survey, 2013)

		Illiterate	1–8 years	≥9 years	P value
Unweighted sample size	23,815	8,245	9,985	5,585
Age, mean (SE)	69.8 (9.3)	72.0 (16.7)	69.6 (14.2)	67.3 (15.5)	<0.001
Female gender	56.4	57.8	56.1	55.0	0.045
Living arrangements
Live alone	14.9	14,7	14,7	15.2	<0.001
Live with one person	35.6	33.0	35.8	38.8
Live with two or more persons	42.3	49.4	45.7	49.5
Household assets in tertiles
Lowest	33.1	54.9	28.8	7.5	<0.001
Middle	32.2	30.2	27.4	24.2
Highest	34.6	12.9	33.8	18.2
Interview responded by a proxy	32.3	33.6	32.0	30.8	0.075
Any activity of daily living (ADL) limitation^a	30.1	43.0	29.0	13.8	<0.001
Report of needing help for one or more ADL tasks among those with any ADL limitation	24.5	37.0	22.7	9.9	<0.001

All results are percentages, except where specified. ^aAny difficulty to carry out one or more tasks. P value for differences across educational groups (Pearson’s chi square test and linear regression for differences across frequencies and means, respectively). All estimates take into account the complex sample design and survey weighs

ISSN: 1475-9276