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Table 2 Prevalence (P), prevalence ratio (PR) and 95 % confidence interval (95 % CI) of chronic diseases or conditions among individuals aged 18 years or over, according to schooling level. Brazilian National Health Survey, 2013

From: Social inequalities in the prevalence of self-reported chronic non-communicable diseases in Brazil: national health survey 2013

Morbidities

Measure

Illiterate/elementary education incomplete

Elementary education completed/high school education incomplete

High school education completed/higher education incomplete

Higher education complete

Arterial hypertension

P

31.14

16.66

13.36

18.16

PR(a)

1.17

1.11

0.99

1.00

95 % CI

(1.06-1.28)

(0.99-1.24)

(0.89-1.10)

 

Diabetes

P

9.61

5.36

3.44

4.18

PR(a)

1.42

1.59

1.19

1.00

95 % CI

(1.13-1.77)

(1.23-2.06)

(0.93-1.51)

 

Stroke

P

2.74

0.82

0.79

0.58

PR(a)

2.52

1.71

2.01

1.00

95 % CI

(1.74-3.66)

(1.09-2.67)

(1.29-3.14)

 

Arthritis

P

9.26

5.50

4.12

4.74

PR(a)

1.22

1.40

1.18

1.00

95 % CI

(0.99-1.50)

(1.11-1.77)

(0.94-1.47)

 

Asthma

P

4.07

4.42

4.57

4.96

PR(a)

0.90

0.93

0.94

1.00

95 % CI

(0.74-1.11)

(0.72-1.20)

(0.76-1.16)

 

Spinal problems

P

24.58

15.79

13.94

14.73

PR(a)

1.39

1.18

1.08

1.00

95 % CI

(1.25-1.56)

(1.04-1.34)

(0.97-1.22)

 

Musculoskeletal disorders

P

1.99

1.91

2.68

3.83

PR(a)

0.59

0.57

0.77

1.00

95 % CI

(0.44-0.79)

(0.41-0.79)

(0.58-1.02)

 

Depression

P

8.61

6.95

6.40

8.71

PR(a)

1.02

0.94

0.86

1.00

95 % CI

(0.86-1.20)

(0.78-1.13)

(0.73-1.01)

 

Cancer

P

2.31

1.11

1.16

3.00

PR(a)

0.46

0.46

0.60

1.00

95 % CI

(0.35-0.61)

(0.32-0.67)

(0.43-0.82)

 

Chronic kidney failure

P

2.08

1.16

0.95

0.97

PR(a)

1.65

1.38

1.22

1.00

95 % CI

(1.10.2.46)

(0.89-2.12)

(0.80-1.87)

 

 2 NCDs

%

15,20

9,78

7,87

11,68

RP(a)

1,00

0,98

0,84

1,00

IC(95 %)

(0.87,1.16)

(0.83,1.16)

(0.73,0.98)

 

 3 and more NCDs

%

12,95

6,31

4,85

6,47

RP(a)

1,34

1,21

1,05

1,00

IC(95 %)

(1.13,1.59)

(0.98,1.49)

(0.86,1.29)

 
  1. (a)PR adjusted for sex, age and region
  2. Results graphed in bold correspond to a statistically significant prevalences