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Table 4 Study themes and subthemes

From: Swimming against the tide: A Canadian qualitative study examining the implementation of a province-wide public health initiative to address health equity

Theme 1: ‘Swimming against the tide’ to lead change

Theme 2: Shifting organizational practice environments

Theme 3: Bridging policy implementation gaps

• Ideological tensions

• Essential competency development

• Novel access and engagement with external partners

• Strategic role placement

• Structurally embedding health equity

• Gap between public health standards and public health practice environments

• Gap between flexible intention and implementation

• Gap in reporting processes –‘walking the social justice talk’