Table 1 Descriptive statistics
Variable | 2004 | 2011 |
|---|---|---|
Level of healthcare utilization (used high-level services during past 30Â days)a | 144 (30.6Â %) | 920 (46.7Â %) |
Mean annual housheold income per capita (Yuan) | 3245 | 8211 |
Mean Ln annual housheold income per capita | 7.8 | 8.6 |
Chronic sickness or disability | 257 (54.6Â %) | 1154 (58.5Â %) |
Acute sickness past 30Â days | 249 (52.9Â %) | 1127 (57.2Â %) |
Gender (women versus men) | 258 (54.8Â %) | 1100 (55.8Â %) |
Mean age | 50.0 | 45.9 |
Urban versus rural residency | 50 (10.6Â %) | 452 (22.9Â %) |
Marital status | ||
 Single, never married | 33 (7.0 %) | 126 (6.4 %) |
 Married | 376 (79.8 %) | 1645 (83.5 %) |
 Divorced/separated | 62 (13.2 %) | 200 (10.1 %) |
Educational level | ||
 No school or incomplete primary | 251 (53.3 %) | 361 (18.3 %) |
 Primary | 122 (25.9 %) | 778 (39.5 %) |
 Junior secondary | 85 (18.0 %) | 543 (27.5 %) |
 Senior secondary or higher | 13 (2.8 %) | 289 (14.7 %) |
Employment | ||
 Non-agricultural work | 46 (9.8 %) | 455 (23.1 %) |
 Agricultural work | 268 (56.9 %) | 731 (37.1 %) |
 Odd work | 50 (10.6 %) | 177 (9.0 %) |
 Retired | 60 (12.7 %) | 297 (15.1 %) |
 Not in labor force | 47 (10.0 %) | 311 (15.8 %) |
Insurance type | ||
 Insurance from work unit (2004)/Public or urban workers insurance (2011) | 34 (7.2 %) | 163 (8.3 %) |
 Social insurance (2004)/Urban residents insurance (2011) | 4 (0.8 %) | 124 (6.3 %) |
 Insurance from village (2004)/New rural cooperative medical insurance (2011) | 22 (4.7 %) | 1523 (77.3 %) |
 Other insurance | 5 (1.1 %) | 170 (8.6 %) |
 No insurance | 406 (86.2 %) | 97 (4.9 %) |
 Sample size | 471 | 1971 |