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Table 5 Unidimensional model fit indices for RACES subscales

From: The Australian Racism, Acceptance, and Cultural-Ethnocentrism Scale (RACES): item response theory findings

Sub scale

Item

Infit

Standardised value

Outfit

Standardised value

PS

15–20

C

PS

15–20

C

PS

15–20

C

PS

15–20

C

AAS

I have respect for people from all backgrounds.

1.23

0.78

0.79

1.9

–1.7

−2.2

1.09

0.60

0.65

0.9

−4.0a

−4.6a

I accept people from all backgrounds.

0.86

0.67

0.89

−1.4

−2.7a

−1.1

0.85

0.51

0.73

−1.5

−5.2a

−3.3a

Having many different backgrounds in Australia is a good thing.

0.96

0.97

0.95

−0.3

−0.2

−0.5

0.93

0.95

0.88

−0.7

−0.4

−1.4

People from all backgrounds should be treated equally.

0.74

1.16

1.00

−2.7a

1.2

0.0

0.72

1.10

0.93

−3.0a

0.8

−0.8

I share with people from all backgrounds.

1.47

0.63

0.68

4.1a

−3.2a

−3.8a

1.33

0.69

0.89

2.8

−2.9a

−1.3

People from all backgrounds are equal.

0.72

1.10

1.17

−3.0a

0.6

1.6

0.72

0.89

1.08

−2.8a

−1.0

0.9

I live peacefully with people from all backgrounds.

0.92

0.96

0.91

−0.7

−0.2

−0.9

0.86

1.07

1.02

−1.4

0.6

0.3

I like talking with people from all backgrounds.

1.14

0.89

0.86

1.4

−0.8

−1.4

1.18

0.85

0.82

1.8

−1.3

−2.2a

We should be taught about all backgrounds in school.

0.77

1.36

1.42

−2.1a

2.5

3.8a

0.78

1.41

1.54a

−2.3a

3.2a

5.4

I get upset if I hear racist comments about any background.

1.28

1.49

1.50

2.9

3.4a

4.8a

1.43

1.49

1.55a

3.8a

3.7a

5.4a

I stand up for people from all backgrounds.

1.00

1.41

1.26

0.1

2.9

2.7

1.03

1.33

1.30

0.4

2.6

3.1a

I don’t ignore people because of their background.

1.43

0.97

1.03

3.5a

−0.2

0.3

1.37

1.13

1.00

3.3a

0.9

0.0

RAS

People from some backgrounds are more violent than others.

0.79

0.85

0.92

−2.5a

−1.5

−1.1

0.79

0.85

0.91

−2.2a

−1.3

−1.1

People from some backgrounds are not friendly.

0.81

0.85

0.83

−2.2a

−1.4

−2.3a

0.83

0.85

0.84

−1.8

−1.3

−1.9

People from some backgrounds are more likely to get into trouble than others.

0.95

0.92

0.97

−0.6

−0.7

−0.3

0.96

0.93

0.98

−0.3

−0.5

−0.2

I don’t trust people from some backgrounds.

0.87

0.82

0.76

−1.5

−1.7

−3.3a

0.87

0.80

0.75

−1.3

−1.8

−3.1a

If people aren’t happy in Australia they should go back to their own country.

1.18

1.15

1.16

1.9

1.4

1.9

0.15

1.15

1.16

−1.4

1.3

1.7

People from some backgrounds get more than they deserve.

1.16

1.48

1.51a

1.7

3.9a

5.4a

1.16

1.48

1.49

1.5

3.6a

4.9a

I don’t understand people from some backgrounds.

1.01

0.93

0.95

0.1

−0.6

−0.7

0.99

0.95

0.95

−0.1

−0.4

−0.5

If people don’t fit into Australian society they should change.

1.27

0.91

0.90

2.7

−0.8

−1.3

1.29

0.93

0.92

2.6

−0.6

−1.0

EAS

I only feel safe around people from my background.

0.93

0.91

0.83

−0.6

−0.7

−1.6

0.95

0.86

0.85

−0.5

−1.2

−1.7

I only feel comfortable around people from my background.

0.88

0.85

1.01

−1.1

−1.2

0.1

0.87

1.03

0.88

−1.3

0.3

−1.4

Only people from my background understand me.

1.10

1.11

1.10

0.9

0.8

0.9

1.09

1.03

1.06

0.9

0.3

0.7

I only have friends from my background.

1.11

1.21

1.18

1.0

1.5

1.6

1.03

1.07

1.04

0.3

0.6

0.5

  1. Note: PS primary school sample, 15-20 15–20 years sample, C community sample, AAS accepting attitudes scale, RAS racist attitudes scale, EAS ethnocentric attitudes scale
  2. a denotes value outside of recommended range