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Table 4 CFA congeneric (one factor) measurement model factor loadings for races subscales

From: The Australian Racism, Acceptance, and Cultural-Ethnocentrism Scale (RACES): item response theory findings

Subscale

Item

Primary school

15–20 years

Community

AAS

I accept people from all backgrounds.

.74

.88

.81

I have respect for people from all backgrounds.

.71

.81

.82

People from all backgrounds are equal.

.67

.77

.71

Having many different backgrounds in Australia is a good thing.

.64

.69

.66

People from all backgrounds should be treated equally.

.64

.54

.63

I live peacefully with people from all backgrounds.

.62

.68

.66

I share with people from all backgrounds.

.62

.79

.77

I like talking with people from all backgrounds.

.60

.74

.72

I don’t tease people because of their background.

.49

.41

.46

I stand up for people from all backgrounds.

.49

.48

.55

We should be taught about all backgrounds in school.

.48

.55

.49

I get upset if I hear racist comments about any background.

.47

.48

.48

I don’t ignore people because of their background.

.43

.59

.66

RAS

People from some backgrounds are more violent than others.

.73

.76

.76

I don’t trust people from some backgrounds.

.65

.86

.87

People from some backgrounds are not friendly.

.65

.74

.74

People from some backgrounds are more likely to get into trouble than others.

.60

.45

.44

I don’t understand people from some backgrounds.

.55

.43

.50

If people aren’t happy in Australia they should go back to their own country.

.53

.56

.62

People from some backgrounds get more than they deserve.

.52

.22

.24

If people don’t fit into Australian society they should change.

.43

.53

.51

EAS

I only feel comfortable around people from my background.

.73

.83

.78

I only feel safe around people from my background.

.67

.76

.81

Only people from my background understand me.

.59

.68

.66

I only have friends from my background.

.50

.53

.55

  1. Note: AAS accepting attitudes scale, RAS racist attitudes scale, EAS ethnocentric attitudes scale