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Table 12 Utilization rates and unmet needs

From: State budget transfers to Health Insurance Funds for universal health coverage: institutional design patterns and challenges of covering those outside the formal sector in Eastern European high-income countries

Country

Equity between income quintiles

Inequities for lower income quintiles

Inequities for specific groups

Croatia

n/a

Lower utilization rates for GP, specialist and dentist visits [44]

n/a

Higher share of unmet needa (2012, [38])

Czech Republic

Similar utilization rates for GP, specialist and dentist visitsb (2008, [67])

Higher share of unmet needa (2012, [38])

44Ā % of Roma and 11Ā % of non-Roma population had no access to essential drugs. 87Ā % of Roma and 99Ā % of non-Roma population had access to health services (2011, [33])

Estonia

n/a

Inequities in access to primary and dental care, but declining (2004ā€“2008, [36])

n/a

Higher share of unmet needa (2012, [38])

For services requiring user charges (outpatient drugs, dental care) there are more inequalities in utilization by income level compared to services with little need for OOPs (inpatient care, emergency care) (2000ā€“2007, [36])

Hungary

Equity in the probability of seeing a GP (2009, [67])

Inequity in utilization rates for dentist and specialist visitsb (2009, [67])

Roma were less likely to use health services, particularly those offered by specialist and dentists. The use of health services by Roma was similar to that seen in the lowest income quintile of the general population. (2007, [17])

Higher share of unmet needa (2012, [38])

Poland

n/a

Higher share of unmet needa (2012, [38])

n/a

Inequity in utilization rates for GP and dentist visitsb (2009, [67])

Slovakia

n/a

Inequity in utilization rates for GP visitsb (2009, [67])

n/a

Higher share of unmet needa (2012, [38])

Slovenia

Equity in access and utilization rates [23]

n/a

n/a

Equity in utilization rates for GP, specialist and dentist visitsb (2007, [67])

  1. aInformation regarding the share of unmet need is from Eurostat
  2. bData on utilization of health care services by income level is adjusted for need