Country | OOPs as % of THEa [48] | OOP expenditure as a share of household expenditure by income quintile/decile | |
---|---|---|---|
(in the year after the introduction of the government budget transfers) | (in 2013) | ||
Croatia | 13.5 (1995)b | 12.5 | OOPs represent a heavy burden for some financially most vulnerable groups [50] |
Czech Republic | 5.2 (1993) [60] | 15.7 | Low OOPs distributed relatively evenly across household income decile [24] |
Estonia | 19.9 (2000) | 18.9 | People from lower quintiles spent proportionally more than those from higher quintiles. OOPs of 1st quintile almost exclusively spent on medicines. 5th quintile spent more on medicines and outpatient care. |
1st income quintile: households with individuals 65Ā years or older or with disabilities or chronic diseases face an increasing risk of relatively high expenditure [16] | |||
Hungary | 10.9 (1991) [52] | 27.5 | 2008: |
1st income quintile: 7.3Ā % of income spent on OOPs (compared to 6.1Ā % in 2005) | |||
5th income quintile: 2.5Ā % of income spent on OPPs (compared to 2.2Ā % in 2005) [43] | |||
Poland | 29.9 (2000) | 22.8 | n/a |
Slovakia | 11.5 (1995) | 22.1 | Increase in OOPs due to user fee introduction and higher co-payments in 2003 affected the poor much more than the wealthy [22] |
Slovenia | 11.2 (1995)c | 12.2 | n/a |