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Table 3 Association of physical health, health-behaviors and covariates with dropout odds from secondary education

From: Importance of physical health and health-behaviors in adolescence for risk of dropout from secondary education in young adulthood: an 8-year prospective study

 

Model 1a

 

Model 2b

 

Model 3c

 
 

Adjusted for gender

Adjusted for gender, parental education and neighborhood characteristics

Adjusted for gender and psychological factors

Baseline measures

N

OR (95 % CI)

N

OR (95 % CI)

N

OR (95 % CI)

Physical health

 Fitness (W/kg)

114

0.68 (0.33-1.41)

110

0.55 (0.25-1.19)

107

0.84 (0.34-2.09)

 Physical activity (counts/min)

80

1.00 (1.00-1.00)

77

1.00 (0.99-1.00)

76

1.00 (1.00-1.00)

 Body mass index (kg/m2)

188

1.05 (0.93-1.18)

184

1.07 (0.94-1.20)

172

1.10 (0.94-1.27)

 Waist circumference (cm)

188

1.02 (0.98-1.06)

184

1.03 (0.98-1.07)

172

1.03 (0.97-1.08)

 Skinfold thickness (mm)

188

1.01 (0.99-1.02)

184

1.01 (0.99-1.02)

172

1.00 (0.99-1.02)

 Somatic complaints

170

1.09 (1.02-1.18)*

167

1.09 (1.01-1.18)*

168

1.10 (1.00-1.20)*

Health - behaviors

 Smoking

173

3.67 (1.50-9.00)**

170

3.64 (1.42-9.33)**

171

2.90 (1.14-7.40)*

 Alcohol drinking

163

2.57 (1.15-5.75)*

160

2.14 (0.93-4.93)

161

2.36 (1.03-5.40)*

 Time spent watching television

173

1.27 (1.03-1.56)*

170

1.28 (1.03-1.60)*

171

1.25 (1.01-1.55)*

 Frequency of sports participation

173

0.84 (0.54-1.30)

170

0.82 (0.52-1.30)

171

0.94 (0.59-1.49)

 Frequency of moderate/vigorous physical activity

173

0.74 (0.42-1.92)

170

0.81 (0.46-1.45)

171

0.87 (0.49-1.57)

Covariates

 Gender (female)

188

1.78 (0.85-3.73)

184

1.51 (0.70-3.27)

172

2.42 (1.02-5.75)*

 Mothers higher education

186

0.54 (0.34-0.88)*

184

0.57 (0.33-0.98)*d

170

0.53 (0.31-0.91)*

 Fathers higher education

186

0.70 (0.42-1.19)

184

0.86 (0.47-1.58)e

171

0.78 (0.43-1.39)

 Neighborhood characteristics (rural/urban)

188

1.10 (0.54-2.26)

184

0.80 (0.37-1.74)f

172

1.15 (0.52-2.56)

 Self-esteem

174

0.91 (0.85-0.98)*

171

0.90 (0.84-0.97)**

172

0.92 (0.85-0.99)*g

 Depression

172

1.06 (0.99-1.13)

169

1.06 (1.00-1.14)

172

1.02 (0.95-1.10)h

  1. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01. aModel adjusted for gender; bModel adjusted for gender, parental education and neighborhood characteristics ; cModel adjusted for gender, self-esteem and depression; dOnly adjusted for fathers education status and neighborhood characteristics; eOnly adjusted for mothers education status and neighborhood characteristics; fOnly adjusted for mothers and fathers education status; gOnly adjusted for depression at age 15; hOnly adjusted for self-esteem at age 15