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Table 2 Differences in physical health, health - behaviors and psychological factors at follow-up by education status

From: Importance of physical health and health-behaviors in adolescence for risk of dropout from secondary education in young adulthood: an 8-year prospective study

 

Total sample

Girls

Boys

 

Elementary education (n = 38)

Secondary education (n = 150)

Elementary education (n = 13)

Secondary education (n = 72)

Elementary education (n = 25)

Secondary education (n = 78)

Physical health

 Fitness (W/kg)

2.7 (0.7)

2.8 (0.6)

2.0 (0.5)**

2.5 (0.5)**

2.9 (0.5)

3.0 (0.5)

 Physical activity (counts/min)

559 (208)

555 (186)

492 (82)

492 (122)

581 (236)

615 (216)

 Body mass index (kg/m2)

24.6 (4.5)

24.4 (3.8)

24.7 (4.8)

23.6 (3.3)

24.6 (4.2)

25.1 (4.0)

 Waist circumference (cm)

79.4 (10.8)

78.4 (11.0)

76.8 (11.1)

72.1 (7.2)

80.8 (9.3)

84.2 (10.8)

 Skinfold thickness (cm)

114.6 (58.1)

120.0 (50.3)

150.1 (70.6)

130.6 (48.3)

94.1 (37.9)

110.2 (50.4)

 Somatic complaints

15.3 (7.4)**

13.1 (4.3)**

16.5 (5.6)*

13.5 (4.4)*

14.7 (4.9)

12.8 (4.1)

 Systolic blood pressure (mm/Hg)

121 (11.9)

117.3 (11.4)

114.4 (10.3)

111.1 (8.6)

124.7 (11.2)

122.9 (10.8)

 Diastolic blood pressure (mm/Hg)

74.0 (7.1)

72.5 (6.0)

76.6 (8.9)*

71.5 (6.6)*

72.7 (5.7)

73.3 (5.7)

Health - behaviors

 Smoking

5 % (2)

3 % (4)

8 % (1)

1 % (1)

4 % (1)

4 % (3)

 Alcohol drinking

82 % (31)

86 % (127)

92 % (12)

86 % (62)

76 % (19)

87 % (65)

Moderate/vigorous physical activity

 Never/rarely

19 % (6)

8 % (11)

30 % (3)

9 % (6)

14 % (3)

7 % (5)

 1-3 times a week

22 % (7)

33 % (47)

30 % (3)

39 % (27)

18 % (4)

28 % (20)

 ≥4 times a week

59 % (19)

59 % (83)

40 % (4)

52 % (36)

68 % (15)

65 % (47)

Physical activity with a sports club

 Never/rarely

40 % (13)

31 % (44)

70 % (7)*

35 % (24)*

27 % (6)

28 % (20)

 1-3 times a week

13 % (4)

23 % (33)

20 % (2)*

26 % (18)*

9 % (2)

21 % (15)

 ≥4 times a week

47 % (15)

45 % (64)

10 % (1)*

39 % (27)*

64 % (14)

51 % (37)

Watch television >2 h on weeknights

47 % (18)*

27 % (40)*

39 % (5)

26 % (19)

52 % (13)*

27 % (21)*

Seldom get enough sleep

27 % (9)**

6 % (9)**

46 % (6)**

5 % (4)**

12 % (3)

6 % (5)

Sleep ≥7 h each night

32 % (12)**

55 % (83)**

15 % (2)**

63 % (45)**

40 % (10)

49 % (38)

Psychological factors

 Self-esteem

21.5 (6.4)

23.4 (5.4)

21.5 (6.1)

23.9 (5.0)

21.6 (6.6)

22.9 (5.8)

 Depression

16.8 (7.4)

14.8 (4.9)

18.2 (7.9)

15.4 (5.5)

16.0 (7.1)

14.2 (4.3)

 Life satisfaction

22.8 (6.5)**

26.3 (4.9)**

23.5 (4.8)*

27.1 (4.8)*

21.3 (7.3)*

25.5 (4.8)*

 Social support

17.3 (2.9)

18.1 (2.3)

36.4 (4.4)

36.3 (3.6)

31.8 (5.7)

33.7 (4.6)

Demographics

 Child-rearing responsibilities

26 % (10)

14 % (21)

46 % (6)**

13 % (9)**

16 % (4)

15 % (12)

 Working full-time

47 % (18)**

21 % (32)**

23 % (3)

17 % (12)

60 % (15)**

26 % (20)**

 Unemployed

13 % (5)**

1 % (2)**

15 % (2)*

1 % (1)*

12 % (3)*

1 % (1)*

 Working part-time

18 % (7)**

41 % (62)**

23 % (3)

47 % (34)

16 % (4)

36 % (28)

 Studying

42 % (16)**

76 % (114)**

46 % (6)**

82 % (59)**

40 % (10)**

71 % (55)**

  1. Numbers in the table represent: Mean (Standard Deviation) for continuous variables (all Physical health and Psychological factors variables) and % (number of participants) for categorical variables (all Health -behavior and Demographic variables)
  2. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01